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Exact and Nonstandard Finite Difference Schemes for Coupled Linear Delay Differential Systems

Author

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  • María Ángeles Castro

    (Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain)

  • Miguel Antonio García

    (Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain)

  • José Antonio Martín

    (Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain)

  • Francisco Rodríguez

    (Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
    Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (IMEM), University of Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain)

Abstract

In recent works, exact and nonstandard finite difference schemes for scalar first order linear delay differential equations have been proposed. The aim of the present work is to extend these previous results to systems of coupled delay differential equations X ′ ( t ) = A X ( t ) + B X ( t − τ ) , where X is a vector, and A and B are commuting real matrices, in general not simultaneously diagonalizable. Based on a constructive expression for the exact solution of the vector equation, an exact scheme is obtained, and different nonstandard numerical schemes of increasing order are proposed. Dynamic consistency properties of the new nonstandard schemes are illustrated with numerical examples, and proved for a class of methods.

Suggested Citation

  • María Ángeles Castro & Miguel Antonio García & José Antonio Martín & Francisco Rodríguez, 2019. "Exact and Nonstandard Finite Difference Schemes for Coupled Linear Delay Differential Systems," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 7(11), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:7:y:2019:i:11:p:1038-:d:283102
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jódar, Lucas & Villanueva, Rafael J. & Arenas, Abraham J. & González, Gilberto C., 2008. "Nonstandard numerical methods for a mathematical model for influenza disease," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 79(3), pages 622-633.
    2. Garba, S.M. & Gumel, A.B. & Hassan, A.S. & Lubuma, J.M.-S., 2015. "Switching from exact scheme to nonstandard finite difference scheme for linear delay differential equation," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 258(C), pages 388-403.
    3. Bellen, Alfredo & Zennaro, Marino, 2003. "Numerical Methods for Delay Differential Equations," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198506546.
    4. García, M.A. & Castro, M.A. & Martín, J.A. & Rodríguez, F., 2018. "Exact and nonstandard numerical schemes for linear delay differential models," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 338(C), pages 337-345.
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    2. Sharmin Sultana & Gilberto González-Parra & Abraham J. Arenas, 2023. "Mathematical Modeling of Toxoplasmosis in Cats with Two Time Delays under Environmental Effects," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Vasily E. Tarasov, 2024. "Exact Finite-Difference Calculus: Beyond Set of Entire Functions," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-37, March.
    4. Carlos Julio Mayorga & María Ángeles Castro & Antonio Sirvent & Francisco Rodríguez, 2023. "On the Construction of Exact Numerical Schemes for Linear Delay Models," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-9, April.

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