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Numerical Fractional Optimal Control of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Octave/MATLAB

Author

Listed:
  • Silvério Rosa

    (Department of Mathematics, Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Delfim F. M. Torres

    (Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

In this article, we develop a simple mathematical GNU Octave/MATLAB code that is easy to modify for the simulation of mathematical models governed by fractional-order differential equations, and for the resolution of fractional-order optimal control problems through Pontryagin’s maximum principle (indirect approach to optimal control). For this purpose, a fractional-order model for the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is considered. The model is an improvement of one first proposed by the authors in 2018. The initial value problem associated with the RSV infection fractional model is numerically solved using Garrapa’s fde12 solver and two simple methods coded here in Octave/MATLAB: the fractional forward Euler’s method and the predict-evaluate-correct-evaluate (PECE) method of Adams–Bashforth–Moulton. A fractional optimal control problem is then formulated having treatment as the control. The fractional Pontryagin maximum principle is used to characterize the fractional optimal control and the extremals of the problem are determined numerically through the implementation of the forward-backward PECE method. The implemented algorithms are available on GitHub and, at the end of the paper, in appendixes, both for the uncontrolled initial value problem as well as for the fractional optimal control problem, using the free GNU Octave computing software and assuring compatibility with MATLAB.

Suggested Citation

  • Silvério Rosa & Delfim F. M. Torres, 2023. "Numerical Fractional Optimal Control of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Octave/MATLAB," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:1511-:d:1102551
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sintunavarat, Wutiphol & Turab, Ali, 2022. "Mathematical analysis of an extended SEIR model of COVID-19 using the ABC-fractional operator," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 65-84.
    2. Rosa, Silvério & Torres, Delfim F.M., 2018. "Optimal control of a fractional order epidemic model with application to human respiratory syncytial virus infection," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 142-149.
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