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Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity

Author

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  • Ahmed M. Elaiw

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Raghad S. Alsulami

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

  • Aatef D. Hobiny

    (Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Studies have reported several cases with respiratory viruses coinfection in hospitalized patients. Influenza A virus (IAV) mimics the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with respect to seasonal occurrence, transmission routes, clinical manifestations and related immune responses. The present paper aimed to develop and investigate a mathematical model to study the dynamics of IAV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfection within the host. The influence of SARS-CoV-2-specific and IAV-specific antibody immunities is incorporated. The model simulates the interaction between seven compartments, uninfected epithelial cells, SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, IAV-infected cells, free SARS-CoV-2 particles, free IAV particles, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and IAV-specific antibodies. The regrowth and death of the uninfected epithelial cells are considered. We study the basic qualitative properties of the model, calculate all equilibria and investigate the global stability of all equilibria. The global stability of equilibria is established using the Lyapunov method. We perform numerical simulations and demonstrate that they are in good agreement with the theoretical results. The importance of including the antibody immunity into the coinfection dynamics model is discussed. We have found that without modeling the antibody immunity, the case of IAV and SARS-CoV-2 coexistence is not observed. Finally, we discuss the influence of IAV infection on the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 single-infection and vice versa.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmed M. Elaiw & Raghad S. Alsulami & Aatef D. Hobiny, 2022. "Modeling and Stability Analysis of Within-Host IAV/SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection with Antibody Immunity," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(22), pages 1-36, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:22:p:4382-:d:979057
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rehman, Attiq ul & Singh, Ram & Agarwal, Praveen, 2021. "Modeling, analysis and prediction of new variants of covid-19 and dengue co-infection on complex network," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    2. Omame, Andrew & Abbas, Mujahid & Abdel-Aty, Abdel-Haleem, 2022. "Assessing the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the dynamics of dengue and HIV via fractional derivatives," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Ahmed M. Elaiw & Abdulsalam S. Shflot & Aatef D. Hobiny & Shaban A. Aly, 2023. "Global Dynamics of an HTLV-I and SARS-CoV-2 Co-Infection Model with Diffusion," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-33, January.
    2. Ahmed M. Elaiw & Aeshah A. Raezah & Matuka A. Alshaikh, 2023. "Global Dynamics of Viral Infection with Two Distinct Populations of Antibodies," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-26, July.
    3. Ahmed M. Elaiw & Abdulsalam S. Shflot & Aatef D. Hobiny, 2022. "Global Stability of Delayed SARS-CoV-2 and HTLV-I Coinfection Models within a Host," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(24), pages 1-35, December.
    4. Ahmed. M. Elaiw & Abdullah J. Alsaedi & Aatef. D. Hobiny & Shaban. A. Aly, 2022. "Global Properties of a Diffusive SARS-CoV-2 Infection Model with Antibody and Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Immune Responses," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-32, December.

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