IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v10y2022i19p3444-d921755.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Continuous-Control-Set Model Predictive Control for Three-Level DC–DC Converter with Unbalanced Loads in Bipolar Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Sadiq

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 807618, Taiwan)

  • Carlos Alfaro Aragon

    (Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia, 08800 Villanova, Spain)

  • Yacine Terriche

    (Center for Research on Microgrids, Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Syed Wajahat Ali

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 807618, Taiwan)

  • Chun-Lien Su

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 807618, Taiwan)

  • Ľuboš Buzna

    (Department of Mathematical Methods and Operations Research, University of Zilina, Univerzitna 8215/1, SK-01026 Zilina, Slovakia)

  • Mahmoud Elsisi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 807618, Taiwan
    Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo 11629, Egypt)

  • Chung-Hong Lee

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 807618, Taiwan)

Abstract

Zero-emission transportation is currently a public priority, especially in big cities. For this reason, the use of electric vehicles (EVs) is receiving much attention. To facilitate the adoption of EVs, a proper charging infrastructure together with energy management is essential. This article proposes a design guideline for a direct current (DC) charging station with bipolar properties. A bipolar system can convert a two-wire system into three wires in a microgrid system with a neutral line. The configuration of the bipolar system supports different loads; therefore, the unbalanced operation is inherent to the system. The proposed bipolar DC charging station (CS) has a three-level balancing converter that reduces the step-down effort chargers. Moreover, this paper proposes the continuous-control-set model predictive control (CCS-MPC)-based balancing strategy that allows the handling of different output loads while keeping the neutral-line voltage efficiently regulated with improved dynamic performance compared to a traditional controller. Stability and parameter robustness analyses are also performed for the control parameter selection. To ensure the performance of the proposed method, both simulation and experimental results are presented and compared with those obtained from the traditional methods.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Sadiq & Carlos Alfaro Aragon & Yacine Terriche & Syed Wajahat Ali & Chun-Lien Su & Ľuboš Buzna & Mahmoud Elsisi & Chung-Hong Lee, 2022. "Continuous-Control-Set Model Predictive Control for Three-Level DC–DC Converter with Unbalanced Loads in Bipolar Electric Vehicle Charging Stations," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(19), pages 1-23, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:19:p:3444-:d:921755
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/19/3444/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/10/19/3444/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Muhammad Umair Mutarraf & Yacine Terriche & Kamran Ali Khan Niazi & Juan C. Vasquez & Josep M. Guerrero, 2018. "Energy Storage Systems for Shipboard Microgrids—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-32, December.
    2. Byung-Moon Han, 2016. "A Half-Bridge Voltage Balancer with New Controller for Bipolar DC Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-17, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Syed Wajahat Ali & Anant Kumar Verma & Yacine Terriche & Muhammad Sadiq & Chun-Lien Su & Chung-Hong Lee & Mahmoud Elsisi, 2022. "Finite-Control-Set Model Predictive Control for Low-Voltage-Ride-Through Enhancement of PMSG Based Wind Energy Grid Connection Systems," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(22), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Lingqin Xia & Guang Chen & Tao Wu & Yu Gao & Ardashir Mohammadzadeh & Ebrahim Ghaderpour, 2022. "Optimal Intelligent Control for Doubly Fed Induction Generators," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, December.
    3. Denis Sidorov, 2023. "Preface to “Model Predictive Control and Optimization for Cyber-Physical Systems”," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-3, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Al-Falahi, Monaaf D.A. & Jayasinghe, Shantha D.G. & Enshaei, Hossein, 2019. "Hybrid algorithm for optimal operation of hybrid energy systems in electric ferries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    2. Jagdesh Kumar & Chethan Parthasarathy & Mikko Västi & Hannu Laaksonen & Miadreza Shafie-Khah & Kimmo Kauhaniemi, 2020. "Sizing and Allocation of Battery Energy Storage Systems in Åland Islands for Large-Scale Integration of Renewables and Electric Ferry Charging Stations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-23, January.
    3. Igyso Zafeiratou & Ionela Prodan & Laurent Lefévre, 2021. "A Hierarchical Control Approach for Power Loss Minimization and Optimal Power Flow within a Meshed DC Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-27, August.
    4. Damien Guilbert & Gianpaolo Vitale, 2019. "Dynamic Emulation of a PEM Electrolyzer by Time Constant Based Exponential Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-17, February.
    5. Marcin Kolodziejski & Iwona Michalska-Pozoga, 2023. "Battery Energy Storage Systems in Ships’ Hybrid/Electric Propulsion Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-24, January.
    6. Jagdesh Kumar & Aushiq Ali Memon & Lauri Kumpulainen & Kimmo Kauhaniemi & Omid Palizban, 2019. "Design and Analysis of New Harbour Grid Models to Facilitate Multiple Scenarios of Battery Charging and Onshore Supply for Modern Vessels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-18, June.
    7. Dariusz Karkosiński & Wojciech Aleksander Rosiński & Piotr Deinrych & Szymon Potrykus, 2021. "Onboard Energy Storage and Power Management Systems for All-Electric Cargo Vessel Concept," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-16, February.
    8. Ayotunde A. Adeyemo & Elisabetta Tedeschi, 2023. "Technology Suitability Assessment of Battery Energy Storage System for High-Energy Applications on Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-38, September.
    9. Jung-min Park & Hyung-jun Byun & Bum-jun Kim & Sung-hun Kim & Chung-yuen Won, 2020. "Analysis and Design of Coupled Inductor for Interleaved Buck-Type Voltage Balancer in Bipolar DC Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-16, June.
    10. Burin Yodwong & Phatiphat Thounthong & Damien Guilbert & Nicu Bizon, 2020. "Differential Flatness-Based Cascade Energy/Current Control of Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Source for Modern e–Vehicle Applications," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-18, May.
    11. Alexander Micallef & Josep M. Guerrero & Juan C. Vasquez, 2023. "New Horizons for Microgrids: From Rural Electrification to Space Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-25, February.
    12. Maciej Tarkowski, 2021. "On the Emergence of Sociotechnical Regimes of Electric Urban Water Transit Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-21, September.
    13. Nivolianiti, Evaggelia & Karnavas, Yannis L. & Charpentier, Jean-Frederic, 2024. "Energy management of shipboard microgrids integrating energy storage systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    14. Oscar Danilo Montoya & Walter Gil-González & Luis Grisales-Noreña & César Orozco-Henao & Federico Serra, 2019. "Economic Dispatch of BESS and Renewable Generators in DC Microgrids Using Voltage-Dependent Load Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-20, November.
    15. Szymon Racewicz & Filip Kutt & Łukasz Sienkiewicz, 2022. "Power Hardware-In-the-Loop Approach for Autonomous Power Generation System Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-14, February.
    16. Inal, Omer Berkehan & Charpentier, Jean-Frédéric & Deniz, Cengiz, 2022. "Hybrid power and propulsion systems for ships: Current status and future challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    17. Min-Soo Kim & Do-Hyun Kim & Dong-Keun Jeong & Jang-Mok Kim & Hee-Je Kim, 2020. "Soft Start-Up Control Strategy for Dual Active Bridge Converter with a Supercapacitor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-19, August.
    18. Mohamad Issa & Adrian Ilinca & Fahed Martini, 2022. "Ship Energy Efficiency and Maritime Sector Initiatives to Reduce Carbon Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-37, October.
    19. Nur Najihah Abu Bakar & Josep M. Guerrero & Juan C. Vasquez & Najmeh Bazmohammadi & Yun Yu & Abdullah Abusorrah & Yusuf A. Al-Turki, 2021. "A Review of the Conceptualization and Operational Management of Seaport Microgrids on the Shore and Seaside," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-31, November.
    20. Sadia Anwar & Muhammad Yousuf Irfan Zia & Muhammad Rashid & Gerardo Zarazua de Rubens & Peter Enevoldsen, 2020. "Towards Ferry Electrification in the Maritime Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:10:y:2022:i:19:p:3444-:d:921755. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.