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Land Cover Influences on LST in Two Proposed Smart Cities of India: Comparative Analysis Using Spectral Indices

Author

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  • Manish Ramaiah

    (Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan)

  • Ram Avtar

    (Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
    Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan)

  • Md. Mustafizur Rahman

    (Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan)

Abstract

Elucidating the impact of Land Surface Temperature (LST) is an important aspect of urban studies. The impact of urbanization on LST has been widely studied to monitor the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. However, the sensitivity of various urban factors such as urban green spaces (UGS), built-up area, and water bodies to LST is not sufficiently resolved for many urban settlements. By using remote sensing techniques, this study aimed to quantify the influence of urban factors on LST in the two traditional cities (i) Panaji and (ii) Tumkur of India, proposed to be developed as smart cities. Landsat data were used to extract thematic and statistical information about urban factors using the Enhanced Built-up and Bareness Index (EBBI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). The multivariate regression model revealed that the value of adjusted R 2 was 0.716 with a standard error of 1.97 for Tumkur city, while it was 0.698 with a standard error of 1.407 for Panaji city. The non-parametric correlation test brought out a strong negative correlation between MNDWI and LST with a value of 0.83 for Panaji, and between SAVI and LST with a value of 0.77 for Tumkur. The maximum percentage share of cooling surfaces are water bodies in Panaji with 35% coverage and green spaces in Tumkur with 25% coverage. Apparently, the UGS and water bodies can help in bringing down the LST, as well as facilitating healthy living conditions and aesthetic appeal. Therefore, the significance of ecosystem services (green spaces and water bodies) should be given priority in the decision-making process of sustainable and vibrant city development.

Suggested Citation

  • Manish Ramaiah & Ram Avtar & Md. Mustafizur Rahman, 2020. "Land Cover Influences on LST in Two Proposed Smart Cities of India: Comparative Analysis Using Spectral Indices," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-21, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:9:y:2020:i:9:p:292-:d:403095
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ram Avtar & Saurabh Tripathi & Ashwani Kumar Aggarwal, 2019. "Assessment of Energy–Population–Urbanization Nexus with Changing Energy Industry Scenario in India," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Eric Koomen & Piet Rietveld & Fernando Bacao, 2009. "The Third Dimension in Urban Geography: The Urban-Volume Approach," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 36(6), pages 1008-1025, December.
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    2. Victor Gonzalez & Manuel Peralta & Juan Faxas-Guzmán & Yokasta García Frómeta, 2022. "Real-Time Environmental Monitoring Platform for Wellness and Preventive Care in a Smart and Sustainable City with an Urban Landscape Perspective: The Case of Developing Countries," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, September.
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    6. Yuting Lu & Penghai Wu & Kaijian Xu, 2022. "Multi-Time Scale Analysis of Urbanization in Urban Thermal Environment in Major Function-Oriented Zones at Landsat-Scale: A Case Study of Hefei City, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-19, May.
    7. Qiang Fan & Yue Shi & Xiaonan Song & Hui Li & Wei Sun & Feng Wu, 2022. "Evolution Analysis of the Coupling Coordination of Microclimate and Landscape Ecological Risk Degree in the Xiahuayuan District in Recent 20 Years," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-13, February.
    8. Dorijan Radočaj & Jasmina Obhođaš & Mladen Jurišić & Mateo Gašparović, 2020. "Global Open Data Remote Sensing Satellite Missions for Land Monitoring and Conservation: A Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-24, October.

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