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Combined Effects of Meteorological Factors, Terrain, and Greenhouse Gases on Vegetation Phenology in Arid Areas of Central Asia from 1982 to 2021

Author

Listed:
  • Ruikang Tian

    (College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Liang Liu

    (College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Jianghua Zheng

    (College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
    Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Jianhao Li

    (College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Wanqiang Han

    (College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

  • Yujia Liu

    (College of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China)

Abstract

Spatiotemporal variations in Central Asian vegetation phenology provide insights into arid ecosystem behavior and its response to environmental cues. Nevertheless, comprehensive research on the integrated impact of meteorological factors (temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, saturation vapor pressure deficit), topography (slope, aspect, elevation), and greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide) on the phenology of Central Asian vegetation remains insufficient. Utilizing methods such as partial correlation and structural equation modeling, this study delves into the direct and indirect influences of climate, topography, and greenhouse gases on the phenology of vegetation. The results reveal that the start of the season decreased by 0.239 days annually, the length of the season increased by 0.044 days annually, and the end of the season decreased by 0.125 days annually from 1982 to 2021 in the arid regions of Central Asia. Compared with topography and greenhouse gases, meteorological factors are the dominant environmental factors affecting interannual phenological changes. Temperature and vapor pressure deficits (VPD) have become the principal meteorological elements influencing interannual dynamic changes in vegetation phenology. Elevation and slope primarily regulate phenological variation by influencing the VPD and soil moisture, whereas aspect mainly affects the spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation phenology by influencing precipitation and temperature. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of how various environmental factors collectively influence the phenology of vegetation, thereby fostering a more profound exploration of the intricate response relationships of terrestrial ecosystems to environmental changes.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruikang Tian & Liang Liu & Jianghua Zheng & Jianhao Li & Wanqiang Han & Yujia Liu, 2024. "Combined Effects of Meteorological Factors, Terrain, and Greenhouse Gases on Vegetation Phenology in Arid Areas of Central Asia from 1982 to 2021," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:2:p:180-:d:1332492
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xin Yang & Yuanyuan Hao & Wenxia Cao & Xiaojun Yu & Limin Hua & Xin Liu & Tao Yu & Caijin Chen, 2021. "How Does Spring Phenology Respond to Climate Change in Ecologically Fragile Grassland? A Case Study from the Northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-20, November.
    2. Zhenong Jin & Qianlai Zhuang & Jin-Sheng He & Tianxiang Luo & Yue Shi, 2013. "Phenology shift from 1989 to 2008 on the Tibetan Plateau: an analysis with a process-based soil physical model and remote sensing data," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 119(2), pages 435-449, July.
    3. Yao Zhang & Pierre Gentine & Xiangzhong Luo & Xu Lian & Yanlan Liu & Sha Zhou & Anna M. Michalak & Wu Sun & Joshua B. Fisher & Shilong Piao & Trevor F. Keenan, 2022. "Increasing sensitivity of dryland vegetation greenness to precipitation due to rising atmospheric CO2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
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