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Resilience of Interurban Public Transport and Impact of COVID-19 on Rural Connectivity in Sparsely Populated Regions

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Listed:
  • Juan Miguel Vega Naranjo

    (Department of Construction, School of Technology, Research Institute for Sustainable Territorial Development (INTERRA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Rafael González-Escobar

    (Department of Construction, School of Technology, Research Institute for Sustainable Territorial Development (INTERRA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Montaña Jiménez-Espada

    (Department of Construction, School of Technology, Research Institute for Sustainable Territorial Development (INTERRA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

  • Jonathan Galeano Vivas

    (Department of Construction, School of Technology, Research Institute for Sustainable Territorial Development (INTERRA), Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain)

Abstract

The aim of this research consisted of assessing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the interurban public transport system in a rural region with a sparse population density, considering the number of tickets sold and passengers in each locality, as well as the different connecting lines. From a methodological point of view and with the intention of identifying patterns to explain the behaviour of both the routes and passengers, a series of variables were selected, becoming determining factors that sought to offer a solution to the search for a common trend. Additionally, data processing by the means of statistical analysis and the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools complemented the procedure. The results obtained in the investigation were provided both by municipality and by interurban routes. An interesting finding of this research was the uneven recovery of the municipalities. The localities closest to the attractor nucleus have recovered more quickly to pre-pandemic mobility levels due to their geographical proximity, larger populations, higher incomes per household, and need to access certain public services. In terms of routes, all the lines showed significant decreases in ticket sales, although with variations. Although passenger numbers have shown a gradual recovery, the initial loss was considerable, and pre-pandemic normality has not been completely achieved. This research provides a comprehensive overview of the changes in interurban mobility over a four-year period. The incorporation of critical variables and the segmentation by municipality and route provide a way to identify discernible patterns of mobility. However, the lack of previous research focusing on the impact of the pandemic in rural areas of low population density restricts the possibility of establishing a comparison and to generalise the findings. The authors consider that future research should include other alternative means of transport in these interurban areas and incorporate variables to characterise passengers, such as age, gender, etc.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Miguel Vega Naranjo & Rafael González-Escobar & Montaña Jiménez-Espada & Jonathan Galeano Vivas, 2024. "Resilience of Interurban Public Transport and Impact of COVID-19 on Rural Connectivity in Sparsely Populated Regions," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-26, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:11:p:1778-:d:1509234
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Luis A. Camarero & Jesús Oliva, 2008. "Exploring the Social Face of Urban Mobility: Daily Mobility as Part of the Social Structure in Spain," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(2), pages 344-362, June.
    2. Deepti Muley & Md. Shahin & Charitha Dias & Muhammad Abdullah, 2020. "Role of Transport during Outbreak of Infectious Diseases: Evidence from the Past," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-22, September.
    3. Guillermo Mateu & Alberto Sanz, 2021. "Public Policies to Promote Sustainable Transports: Lessons from Valencia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-17, January.
    4. Neil M. Ferguson & Derek A.T. Cummings & Simon Cauchemez & Christophe Fraser & Steven Riley & Aronrag Meeyai & Sopon Iamsirithaworn & Donald S. Burke, 2005. "Strategies for containing an emerging influenza pandemic in Southeast Asia," Nature, Nature, vol. 437(7056), pages 209-214, September.
    5. Juan Miguel Vega Naranjo & Montaña Jiménez-Espada & Francisco Manuel Martínez García & Rafael González-Escobar & Juan Pedro Cortés-Pérez, 2023. "Intercity Mobility Assessment Facing the Demographic Challenge: A Survey-Based Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-24, January.
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