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Impacts of Floods on Agriculture-Dependent Livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Assessment from Multiple Geo-Ecological Zones

Author

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  • Roland Azibo Balgah

    (College of Technology, The University of Bamenda, Bambili P.O. Box 39, Cameroon)

  • Kester Azibo Ngwa

    (Higher Institute of Agriculture and Rural Development, Bamenda University of Science and Technology, Nkwen P.O. Box 277, Cameroon)

  • Gertrud Rosa Buchenrieder

    (Institute of Sociology and Economics, RISK Research Center, Universität der Bundeswehr München (UniBwM), 85577 Neubiberg, Germany)

  • Jude Ndzifon Kimengsi

    (Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
    Department of Geography, The University of Bamenda, Bambili P.O. Box 39, Cameroon)

Abstract

Surging extreme events, particularly floods, have stimulated growing research on their epidemiology, management, and effects on livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), especially for agriculture-dependent households. Unfortunately, the topical literature is still characterized by independent, isolated cases, with limited relevance to understanding common flood effects across geographical space and time. We bridge this knowledge gap by analyzing the effects of multiple cases of flash, coastal and riverine-cum-pluvial (‘complex’) floods on agriculture-dependent livelihoods in three (Sudano Sahelian, Coastal and Western Highlands) geo-ecological zones in Cameroon. The analysis makes use of a sample of 2134 flood victims (1000 of them in the Sudano-Sahelian, 242 in the Coastal, and 892 in the Western Highlands zones) of 26 independent community floods: 11 in the Sudano-Sahelian, 3 in the Coastal, and 12 in the Western Highlands zone. Irrespective of flood type and geo-ecology, agriculture-dependent livelihoods were gravely impaired. However, the impacts on livelihoods and public goods (such as road or communication systems) significantly varied in the different geo-ecological zones. The study concludes with the need to include context-specificity in the flood impact assessment equation, while identifying common effects, as is the case with agriculture in this study. We emphasize the need to up-scale and comparatively analyze flood effects across space and time to better inform flood management policies across SSA.

Suggested Citation

  • Roland Azibo Balgah & Kester Azibo Ngwa & Gertrud Rosa Buchenrieder & Jude Ndzifon Kimengsi, 2023. "Impacts of Floods on Agriculture-Dependent Livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Assessment from Multiple Geo-Ecological Zones," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:2:p:334-:d:1047449
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Che Dimna Bih & Mathias Fru Fonteh & Roland Azibo Balgah, 2024. "Agricultural Training and Livelihood Outcomes: Opinion of Farmers in Mezam Division in the North West Region of Cameroon," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(2), pages 1077-1089, February.

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