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History of Seoul’s Parks and Green Space Policies: Focusing on Policy Changes in Urban Development

Author

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  • Jeonghee Choi

    (Graduate School of Urban Studies, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea)

  • Gunwoo Kim

    (Graduate School of Urban Studies, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea)

Abstract

Globally, urban areas have been expanding rapidly since industrialization. In South Korea, urban policy has evolved according to urban development, but the change in parks and green spaces policy for a pleasant urban environment is insignificant. The purpose of this study is to present the direction of the Seoul Metropolitan Government’s parks and green spaces policy in terms of green infrastructure, by examining urban policies and changes in the parks and green spaces policy of the Seoul Metropolitan Government. The research method established the concepts of urbanization, green park areas, and green infrastructure, focusing on a literature review. The trends in urban development in South Korea and abroad, the correlation between urban development and green park areas, and changes in the parks and green spaces policy of Seoul are examined. The study found that urbanization in South Korea has augmented since 1960, and the parks and green spaces policy has also focused on quantitative expansion. As the era of local autonomy passed, there were remarkable policy changes tailored to citizens’ needs, and major policy directions were determined according to the political inclinations of policymakers. The era of low growth adopted the policy of introducing green park areas as green infrastructure to solve urban environmental problems, and parks and green spaces policies as strategic plans to re-naturalize smart green cities and urban infrastructure, and to increase urban resilience using advanced technology. Future research is expected regarding consistent policy implementation measures linked to the state-regions, such as analyzing citizens’ perceptions of policies to solve urban problems and taking practical measures for the implementation of parks and green spaces policies to expand green infrastructure. The implication of the study is that the green infrastructure strategy is important as a solution to urban environmental issues such as climate change. Therefore, there should be a will of policymakers and strong institutional support for continuous policy promotion.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeonghee Choi & Gunwoo Kim, 2022. "History of Seoul’s Parks and Green Space Policies: Focusing on Policy Changes in Urban Development," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-28, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:4:p:474-:d:780038
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anita Kwartnik-Pruc & Anna Trembecka, 2021. "Public Green Space Policy Implementation: A Case Study of Krakow, Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-21, January.
    2. Kevin C. Desouza & Michael Hunter & Benoy Jacob & Tan Yigitcanlar, 2020. "Pathways to the Making of Prosperous Smart Cities: An Exploratory Study on the Best Practice," Journal of Urban Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(3), pages 3-32, July.
    3. Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor & Hasifah Abdul Aziz & Siti Aisyah Nawawi & Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil & Muhamad Azahar Abas & Kamarul Ariffin Hambali & Abdul Hafidz Yusoff & Norfadhilah Ibrahim & Nur Hairunni, 2021. "Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-20, October.
    4. Johan Colding & Åsa Gren & Stephan Barthel, 2020. "The Incremental Demise of Urban Green Spaces," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-11, May.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Wang, Fuhao & Chang, Yu-Fang, 2023. "Towards net-zero emissions: Can green bond policy promote green innovation and green space?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).

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