IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v10y2021i2p184-d497280.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Analysis on the Effect of the Mobility of Combustion Vehicles in the Environment of Cities and the Improvement in Air Pollution in Europe: A Vision for the Awareness of Citizens and Policy Makers

Author

Listed:
  • Javier Cárcel-Carrasco

    (ITM, Institute of Materials Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain)

  • Manuel Pascual-Guillamón

    (ITM, Institute of Materials Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain)

  • Fidel Salas-Vicente

    (ITM, Institute of Materials Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain)

Abstract

Today, the design and remodeling of urban environments is being sought in order to achieve green, healthy, and sustainable cities. The effect of air pollution in cities due to vehicle combustion gases is an important part of the problem. Due to the indirect effect caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, political powers in Europe have imposed confinement measures for citizens by imposing movement restrictions in large cities. This indirect measure has given us a laboratory to show how the reduction in vehicle circulation affects in a short time the levels of air pollution in cities. Therefore, this article analyzes the effect in different European cities such as Milan, Prague, Madrid, Paris, and London. These cities have been chosen due to their large amount of daily road traffic that generates high levels of pollution; therefore, it can clearly show the fall in these pollutants in the air in the analyzed period. The results shown through this study indicate that the reduction in combustion vehicles greatly affects the levels of pollution in different cities. In these periods of confinement, there was an improvement in air quality where pollutant values dropped to 80% compared to the previous year. This should serve to raise awareness among citizens and political powers to adopt measures that induce sustainable transport systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Cárcel-Carrasco & Manuel Pascual-Guillamón & Fidel Salas-Vicente, 2021. "Analysis on the Effect of the Mobility of Combustion Vehicles in the Environment of Cities and the Improvement in Air Pollution in Europe: A Vision for the Awareness of Citizens and Policy Makers," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-16, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:2:p:184-:d:497280
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/2/184/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/2/184/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jing Xie & Shixian Luo & Katsunori Furuya & Dajiang Sun, 2020. "Urban Parks as Green Buffers During the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-17, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yue Du & Zan Zou & Yaodong He & Yongge Zhou & Shixian Luo, 2022. "Beyond Blue and Green Spaces: Identifying and Characterizing Restorative Environments on Sichuan Technology and Business University Campus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Christoph Lambio & Tillman Schmitz & Richard Elson & Jeffrey Butler & Alexandra Roth & Silke Feller & Nicolai Savaskan & Tobia Lakes, 2023. "Exploring the Spatial Relative Risk of COVID-19 in Berlin-Neukölln," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-22, May.
    3. Emad B. Dawwas & Karen Dyson, 2021. "COVID-19 Changed Human-Nature Interactions across Green Space Types: Evidence of Change in Multiple Types of Activities from the West Bank, Palestine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-21, December.
    4. Shixian Luo & Jing Xie & Katsunori Furuya, 2021. "“We Need such a Space”: Residents’ Motives for Visiting Urban Green Spaces during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, June.
    5. Noszczyk, Tomasz & Gorzelany, Julia & Kukulska-Kozieł, Anita & Hernik, Józef, 2022. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the importance of urban green spaces to the public," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    6. Sang-Jun Park & Kyung-Tae Lee & Jin-Bin Im & Ju-Hyung Kim, 2022. "The Need for Smart Architecture Caused by the Impact of COVID-19 upon Architecture and City: A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-20, June.
    7. Angelo Panno & Annalisa Theodorou & Giuseppe Alessio Carbone & Evelina De Longis & Chiara Massullo & Gianluca Cepale & Giuseppe Carrus & Claudio Imperatori & Giovanni Sanesi, 2021. "Go Greener, Less Risk: Access to Nature Is Associated with Lower Risk Taking in Different Domains during the COVID-19 Lockdown," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-17, September.
    8. Yuta Uchiyama & Ryo Kohsaka, 2020. "Access and Use of Green Areas during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Green Infrastructure Management in the “New Normal”," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-9, November.
    9. Mouratidis, Kostas, 2021. "How COVID-19 reshaped quality of life in cities: A synthesis and implications for urban planning," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    10. Mengyuan Qiu & Ji Sha & Sulistyo Utomo, 2020. "Listening to Forests: Comparing the Perceived Restorative Characteristics of Natural Soundscapes before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, December.
    11. Andrea, Veronika, 2022. "Mediterranean forest policy beyond the Paris Climate Agreement," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    12. Da Mao & Huijie Yang & Shaohua Zhang & Haozhe Sun & Xiaojuan Wang, 2024. "Adaptive Behavioral Dynamics in Public Open Spaces During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Technological Perspective on Urban Resilience," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(3), pages 12651-12677, September.
    13. Katarzyna Hodor & Łukasz Przybylak & Jacek Kuśmierski & Magdalena Wilkosz-Mamcarczyk, 2021. "Identification and Analysis of Problems in Selected European Historic Gardens during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-17, January.
    14. Linjia Wu & Qidi Dong & Shixian Luo & Wenyuan Jiang & Ming Hao & Qibing Chen, 2021. "Effects of Spatial Elements of Urban Landscape Forests on the Restoration Potential and Preference of Adolescents," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-16, December.
    15. Vesna Lovec & Miroslav Premrov & Vesna Žegarac Leskovar, 2020. "Is There Any Relation between the Architectural Characteristics of Kindergartens and the Spread of the New Coronavirus in Them?—A Case Study of Slovenia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-19, December.
    16. Susana Silva & Paulo Carvalho, 2023. "Visit and Management of Historic Gardens during COVID-19 from the Owners/Managers Perspective: Portugal as a Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-21, January.
    17. Takahiro Yamazaki & Akiko Iida & Kimihiro Hino & Akito Murayama & U Hiroi & Toru Terada & Hideki Koizumi & Makoto Yokohari, 2021. "Use of Urban Green Spaces in the Context of Lifestyle Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Tokyo," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-16, September.
    18. Argyro Anna Kanelli & Margarita Kokkinaki & Marios-Dimitrios Sinvare & Chrisovalantis Malesios & Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos & Olga-Ioanna Kalantzi, 2023. "Keep Calm and Go Out: Urban Nature Exposure, Mental Health, and Perceived Value during the COVID-19 Lockdown," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, May.
    19. Grzyb, Tomasz & Kulczyk, Sylwia & Derek, Marta & Woźniak, Edyta, 2021. "Using social media to assess recreation across urban green spaces in times of abrupt change," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    20. Sarina Dass & Daniel T. O’Brien & Alina Ristea, 2023. "Strategies and inequities in balancing recreation and COVID exposure when visiting green spaces," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 50(5), pages 1161-1177, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:2:p:184-:d:497280. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.