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Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancy Risk, Mental Health, Self-Understanding, and Relational Connections Among Urban Native American Young Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Sara M. London

    (College of Education, University of Washington, Seattle, 1410 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle, WA 98195, USA)

  • Caitlin T. Howley

    (James Bell Associates, Inc., 2000 15th Street North, Suite 100, Arlington, VA 22201, USA)

  • Michelle Sarche

    (Buffett Early Childhood Institute, University of Nebraska, 2111 S. 67th Street, Omaha, NE 68106, USA)

  • Carol E. Kaufman

    (Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13055 E. 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic had a disproportionate impact on American Indian and Alaska Native (“Native”) communities, including factors impacting alcohol-exposed pregnancy (AEP) risk. This is especially true for young Native women in urban settings, where over 70% of the population resides, yet their experiences are rarely accounted for in research. We conducted remote in-depth interviews from March to May 2022, roughly concurrent with the Omicron surge and relaxed lockdown measures, with a subsample of 15 urban Native young women ages 16–20 who were participating in a national randomized controlled trial of an AEP preventive intervention. Participants were asked how the pandemic affected their use of alcohol, sexual health, mental health, and relationships. A qualitative analysis revealed diverse experiences during the pandemic. While some participants experienced greater risks for AEP due to increased alcohol use and reduced access to birth control, other participants drank less alcohol and had greater access to birth control. Additionally, while some participants faced mental health challenges due to isolation and relational strains that emerged during the pandemic, others found the pandemic to be a time that afforded self-reflection, self-development, and a deepening of relationships.

Suggested Citation

  • Sara M. London & Caitlin T. Howley & Michelle Sarche & Carol E. Kaufman, 2025. "Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancy Risk, Mental Health, Self-Understanding, and Relational Connections Among Urban Native American Young Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(3), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2025:i:3:p:358-:d:1602463
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Benjamin Saunders & Julius Sim & Tom Kingstone & Shula Baker & Jackie Waterfield & Bernadette Bartlam & Heather Burroughs & Clare Jinks, 2018. "Saturation in qualitative research: exploring its conceptualization and operationalization," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 1893-1907, July.
    2. Elizabeth A. K. Jones & Amal K. Mitra & Azad R. Bhuiyan, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health in Adolescents: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-9, March.
    3. Kaufman, Carol E. & Desserich, Jennifer & Big Crow, Cecelia K. & Holy Rock, Bonnie & Keane, Ellen & Mitchell, Christina M., 2007. "Culture, context, and sexual risk among Northern Plains American Indian Youth," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(10), pages 2152-2164, May.
    4. Umit Shrestha & Jessica Hanson & Tess Weber & Karen Ingersoll, 2019. "Community Perceptions of Alcohol Exposed Pregnancy Prevention Program for American Indian and Alaska Native Teens," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-12, May.
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