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Evaluating the Impact of Heat Stress on Placental Function: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Jazmin D. Ramirez

    (School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA)

  • Isabel Maldonado

    (School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA)

  • Katharine J. Mach

    (Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, USA
    Leonard and Jayne Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA)

  • Jonell Potter

    (Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Raymond R. Balise

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA)

  • Hudson Santos

    (School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA)

Abstract

Ambient heat stress poses a significant threat to public health, with rising temperatures exacerbating the risks associated with pregnancy. This systematic review examined the associations between heat stress exposure and placental function, synthesizing methodologies from the existing literature to inform future research approaches. Analyzing 24 articles, it explores various study designs, temperature exposure parameters, pregnancy windows, and placental outcome variables. Findings across human and animal studies reveal diverse effects on placental weight, efficiency, blood flow, anatomy, gene expression, and steroid levels under heat stress conditions. While animal studies primarily utilize randomized controlled trials, human research relies on observational methodologies due to ethical constraints. Both demonstrate alterations in placental morphology and function, underscoring the importance of understanding these changes for maternal and fetal health. The review underscores the urgent need for further research, particularly in human populations, to elucidate mechanisms and develop interventions mitigating heat stress’s adverse effects on placental health. Ultimately, this synthesis contributes to understanding the complex interplay between environmental factors and pregnancy outcomes, informing strategies for maternal and fetal well-being amidst climate change challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Jazmin D. Ramirez & Isabel Maldonado & Katharine J. Mach & Jonell Potter & Raymond R. Balise & Hudson Santos, 2024. "Evaluating the Impact of Heat Stress on Placental Function: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(8), pages 1-24, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:8:p:1111-:d:1461831
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Leeann Kuehn & Sabrina McCormick, 2017. "Heat Exposure and Maternal Health in the Face of Climate Change," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Sarah Syed & Tracey L. O’Sullivan & Karen P. Phillips, 2022. "Extreme Heat and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Scoping Review of the Epidemiological Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-16, February.
    3. Alyssa J. Beltran & Jun Wu & Olivier Laurent, 2013. "Associations of Meteorology with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Preeclampsia, Preterm Birth and Birth Weight," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-82, December.
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