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Validation of the Neuroception of Psychological Safety Scale (NPSS) Among Health and Social Care Workers in the UK

Author

Listed:
  • Nicola Cogan

    (Department of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, Scotland, UK)

  • John Campbell

    (Department of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, Scotland, UK)

  • Liza Morton

    (Psychology Department, Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, Scotland, UK)

  • David Young

    (Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, Scotland, UK)

  • Stephen Porges

    (Traumatic Stress Research Consortium, Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, 150 S Woodlawn Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA)

Abstract

Psychological safety is essential for rest, recovery, and fostering social connections, particularly for health and social care workers (HSCWs) who frequently operate in high-pressure environments. These workers are prone to traumatic stress, which can elevate their sense of threat and undermine their psychological safety. This study aimed to validate the Neuroception of Psychological Safety Scale (NPSS) among HSCWs in the UK ( n = 443). The NPSS is based on polyvagal theory and assesses the dimensions of compassion, social engagement and bodily sensations. Internal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity were examined, along with the scale’s dimensionality. A three-factor structure was confirmed, with internal consistencies ranging from acceptable to excellent across subscales. Validity was supported by significant associations with measures of team psychological safety, well-being, post-traumatic stress, burnout, body perception, and personality. The NPSS also demonstrated strong test–retest reliability. These results validate the NPSS as a reliable and multidimensional tool for assessing psychological safety in health and social care settings. The study highlights the importance of psychological safety for HSCWs and provides a valuable measure to support interventions aimed at fostering safer and more supportive work environments.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicola Cogan & John Campbell & Liza Morton & David Young & Stephen Porges, 2024. "Validation of the Neuroception of Psychological Safety Scale (NPSS) Among Health and Social Care Workers in the UK," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(12), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:12:p:1551-:d:1527763
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matteo Curcuruto & Michelle Renecle & Francisco Gracia & James I. Morgan & Ines Tomas, 2024. "Improving workplace safety through mindful organizing: participative safety self-efficacy as a mediational link between collective mindfulness and employees’ safety citizenship," Journal of Risk Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(1), pages 85-107, January.
    2. Pavani Rangachari & Jacquelynn L. Woods, 2020. "Preserving Organizational Resilience, Patient Safety, and Staff Retention during COVID-19 Requires a Holistic Consideration of the Psychological Safety of Healthcare Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-12, June.
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