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The Role of Critical Thinking in Mitigating Social Network Addiction: A Study of TikTok and Instagram Users

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  • Rosa Angela Fabio

    (Department of Cognitive Science, Psychology, Education, and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy)

  • Stella Maria Iaconis

    (Department of Cognitive Science, Psychology, Education, and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy)

Abstract

This study addresses the growing concern of social network (SN) addiction, with a focus on TikTok and Instagram. Guided by the Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT), we explored the motivations (escapism and social interaction), attitudes (critical thinking), and states (flow and sense of belonging) that influence SN use. Our objective was to investigate whether critical thinking acts as a protective factor against SN addiction. A sample of 332 university students completed questionnaires assessing motivations, attitudes, states, and SN addiction. Critical thinking was measured using the Critical Thinking Attitude Scale (CTAS), and critical thinking skills were assessed through the Critical Reasoning Assessment (CRA). Statistical analyses revealed significant associations between motivations, critical thinking, states, and SN addiction. Specifically, critical thinking (CTAS scores) demonstrated a negative correlation with SN addiction (r = −0.34, p < 0.01), indicating that higher critical thinking is associated with lower SN addiction. Regression analysis further indicated that escapism (β = 0.45, p < 0.01) and social interaction (β = 0.31, p < 0.05) positively predicted SN addiction, while critical thinking negatively predicted SN addiction (β = −0.28, p < 0.01). Additionally, states of flow and sense of belonging showed significant positive correlations with SN addiction (r = 0.42, p < 0.01 and r = 0.37, p < 0.01, respectively). These findings highlight the potential of critical thinking as a safeguard against SN addiction. This study offers valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of SN use, with implications for promoting healthier digital engagement. Understanding the factors influencing SN addiction and the roles of motivations, dispositions, and states can inform interventions aimed at fostering responsible and mindful online behaviors.

Suggested Citation

  • Rosa Angela Fabio & Stella Maria Iaconis, 2024. "The Role of Critical Thinking in Mitigating Social Network Addiction: A Study of TikTok and Instagram Users," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(10), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:10:p:1305-:d:1489392
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Meng, Keira Shuyang & Leung, Louis, 2021. "Factors influencing TikTok engagement behaviors in China: An examination of gratifications sought, narcissism, and the Big Five personality traits," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(7).
    2. Rosa Angela Fabio & Alessia Stracuzzi & Riccardo Lo Faro, 2022. "Problematic Smartphone Use Leads to Behavioral and Cognitive Self-Control Deficits," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-13, June.
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