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Categorizations of Trust and Distrust in the Classifications and Social Representations of Food among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in Spain—Applying the Cultural Domains’ Pile Sort Technique

Author

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  • Araceli Muñoz

    (Training and Research Unit—School of Social Work, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
    Research and Innovation Group in Social Work (GRITS), TRU—School of Social Work, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
    “ToxicBody” Interdisciplinary Network, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Cristina Larrea-Killinger

    (“ToxicBody” Interdisciplinary Network, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
    Research Group “Anthropology of Crisis and Contemporary Transformations (CRITS)”, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
    CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Andrés Fontalba-Navas

    (“ToxicBody” Interdisciplinary Network, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
    Antequera Hospital, Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare Area, 29200 Antequera, Spain
    Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain)

  • Miguel Company-Morales

    (“ToxicBody” Interdisciplinary Network, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
    Seron Primary Care Centre, Northern Almería Integrated Healthcare Area, 04600 Huercal-Overa, Spain
    Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 La Cañada, Spain)

Abstract

Food is fundamental in the decision making of pregnant and breastfeeding women to care for their own health and that of their child. In this paper, we explore some common food classification systems and certain attributes assigned to these categories, represented by values of trust and distrust. This study is based on an interdisciplinary research project in which we analysed discourses and practices regarding the dietary intake of pregnant and breastfeeding women in relation to the presence of chemical substances in foods. The results presented are part of the second phase of this research where we explored the results of our analysis of the pile sort technique based on an analysis of cultural domains in order to explore the categories and semantic relations among terms regarding trust and distrust in food. This technique was applied to the 62 pregnant and breastfeeding women of Catalonia and Andalusia. These women also participated in eight focus groups that provided information and narratives enabling us to analyse the meanings of the associative subdomains obtained in the pile sorts. They classified different foods and assigned certain attributes to them according to the level of trust and mistrust, providing a social representation of food risks. The mothers expressed great concern about the quality of the food they consume and about its possible effects on their own health and on that of their child. They perceive that an adequate diet is one based on the consumption of fruits and vegetables, preferably fresh. Fish and meat generate serious concern, as their properties are considered ambivalent depending on the food’s origin and mode of production. These criteria are perceived by women as relevant to their food decisions and, therefore, emic knowledge should be taken into account when developing food safety programmes and planning actions aimed at pregnant and breastfeeding women.

Suggested Citation

  • Araceli Muñoz & Cristina Larrea-Killinger & Andrés Fontalba-Navas & Miguel Company-Morales, 2023. "Categorizations of Trust and Distrust in the Classifications and Social Representations of Food among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in Spain—Applying the Cultural Domains’ Pile Sort Technique," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4195-:d:1081258
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cristina Larrea-Killinger & Araceli Muñoz & Arantza Begueria & Jaume Mascaró-Pons, 2020. "Body Representations of Internal Pollution: The Risk Perception of the Circulation of Environmental Contaminants in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-20, September.
    2. Andres Fontalba-Navas & Eva Zafra Aparici & Maria Clara de Moraes Prata-Gaspar & Esther Herrera-Espejo & Miguel Company-Morales & Cristina Larrea-Killinger, 2020. "Motivating Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in Spain to Avoid Persistent Toxic Substances in Their Diet," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-13, November.
    3. Miguel Company-Morales & Eva Zafra Aparici & Lina Casadó & Cristina Alarcón Montenegro & Juan Pedro Arrebola, 2021. "Perception and Demands of Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women Regarding Their Role as Participants in Environmental Research Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-16, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. F. Xavier Medina & Francesc Fusté-Forné & Nela Filimon, 2023. "Public Awareness of Food Products, Preferences and Practices: Old Challenges and New Insights," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(9), pages 1-3, May.

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    1. Miguel Company-Morales & Eva Zafra Aparici & Lina Casadó & Cristina Alarcón Montenegro & Juan Pedro Arrebola, 2021. "Perception and Demands of Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women Regarding Their Role as Participants in Environmental Research Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-16, April.

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