IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2023i5p4129-d1080447.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) to Assess the Multidimensionality of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Giuseppe Liotta

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Grazia Lorusso

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Olga Madaro

    (“Long Live the Elderly!” Program, Community of Sant’Egidio, 00153 Rome, Italy)

  • Valeria Formosa

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Clara Donnoli

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Fabio Riccardi

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Stefano Orlando

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Paola Scarcella

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Joao Apostolo

    (The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra, 3000-076 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Rosa Silva

    (The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra, 3000-076 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Carina Dantas

    (SHINE 2Europe, 3030-163 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Willeke van Staalduinen

    (AFEdemy—Academy on Age-Friendly Environments in Europe, 2806 ED Gouda, The Netherlands)

  • Vincenzo De Luca

    (Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Maddalena Illario

    (Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Susanna Gentili

    (Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Leonardo Palombi

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

The Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) is a multidimensional and short questionnaire to assess biopsychosocial frailty in older adults. This paper aims to clarify the latent factors of SFGE. Data were collected from January 2016 to December 2020 from 8800 community-dwelling older adults participating in the “Long Live the Elderly!” program. Social operators administered the questionnaire through phone calls. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out to identify the quality of the structure of the SFGE. Principal component analysis was also performed. According to the SFGE score, 37.7% of our sample comprised robust, 24.0% prefrail, 29.3% frail, and 9.0% very frail individuals. Using the EFA, we identified three main factors: psychophysical frailty, the need for social and economic support, and the lack of social relationships. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.792, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity had a statistically significant result ( p -value < 0.001). The three constructs that emerged explain the multidimensionality of biopsychosocial frailty. The SFGE score, 40% of which is social questions, underlines the crucial relevance of the social domain in determining the risk of adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuseppe Liotta & Grazia Lorusso & Olga Madaro & Valeria Formosa & Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti & Clara Donnoli & Fabio Riccardi & Stefano Orlando & Paola Scarcella & Joao Apostolo & Rosa Silva & Carin, 2023. "Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) to Assess the Multidimensionality of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-9, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4129-:d:1080447
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/5/4129/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/5/4129/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giuseppe Liotta & Silvia Ussai & Maddalena Illario & Rónán O’Caoimh & Antonio Cano & Carol Holland & Regina Roller-Winsberger & Alessandra Capanna & Chiara Grecuccio & Mariacarmela Ferraro & Francesca, 2018. "Frailty as the Future Core Business of Public Health: Report of the Activities of the A3 Action Group of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-26, December.
    2. Valeria Farriol-Baroni & Lorena González-García & Aina Luque-García & Silvia Postigo-Zegarra & Sergio Pérez-Ruiz, 2021. "Influence of Social Support and Subjective Well-Being on the Perceived Overall Health of the Elderly," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-9, May.
    3. Tatsuro Ishizaki & Yukie Masui & Takeshi Nakagawa & Yuko Yoshida & Yoshiko L. Ishioka & Noriko Hori & Hiroki Inagaki & Kae Ito & Madoka Ogawa & Mai Kabayama & Kei Kamide & Kazunori Ikebe & Yasumichi A, 2022. "Construct Validity of a New Health Assessment Questionnaire for the National Screening Program of Older Adults in Japan: The SONIC Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-10, August.
    4. Aleksandra Nikolic & Bojana Bukurov & Ilija Kocic & Ivan Soldatovic & Sladjana Mihajlovic & Dejan Nesic & Milica Vukovic & Nikola Ladjevic & Sandra Sipetic Grujicic, 2022. "The Validity and Reliability of the Serbian Version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale—Short Version," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-11, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mark O’Donovan & Duygu Sezgin & Zubair Kabir & Aaron Liew & Rónán O’Caoimh, 2020. "Assessing Global Frailty Scores: Development of a Global Burden of Disease-Frailty Index (GBD-FI)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Roberta Patalano & Vincenzo De Luca & Jess Vogt & Strahil Birov & Lucia Giovannelli & Giuseppe Carruba & Claudia Pivonello & Veli Stroetmann & Maria Triassi & Annamaria Colao & Maddalena Illario, 2021. "An Innovative Approach to Designing Digital Health Solutions Addressing the Unmet Needs of Obese Patients in Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-16, January.
    3. Rónán O’Caoimh & Maria Costello & Cliona Small & Lynn Spooner & Antoinette Flannery & Liam O’Reilly & Laura Heffernan & Edel Mannion & Anna Maughan & Alma Joyce & D. William Molloy & John O’Donnell, 2019. "Comparison of Frailty Screening Instruments in the Emergency Department," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-13, September.
    4. Vincenzo De Luca & Grazia Daniela Femminella & Roberta Patalano & Valeria Formosa & Grazia Lorusso & Cristiano Rivetta & Federica Di Lullo & Lorenzo Mercurio & Teresa Rea & Elena Salvatore & Nilufer K, 2022. "Assessment Tools of Biopsychosocial Frailty Dimensions in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-32, November.
    5. Irene Monsonís-Payá & Tomás Gómez-Navarro & Mónica García-Melón, 2020. "Anticipating Environmental Burdens in Research and Innovation Projects—Application to the Case of Active and Healthy Ageing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-20, May.
    6. Zhang, Chonghui & Nie, Chenying & Su, Weihua & Balezentis, Tomas, 2024. "Are digital technologies an effective inhibitor of depression among middle-aged and older adults? Micro-level evidence from a panel study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    7. Han, Sunyoung, 2022. "Impact of smartphones on students: How age at first use and duration of usage affect learning and academic progress," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    8. Xinyu He & Daniel T. L. Shek & Wenbin Du & Yangu Pan & Yin Ma, 2022. "The Relationship between Social Participation and Subjective Well-Being among Older People in the Chinese Culture Context: The Mediating Effect of Reciprocity Beliefs," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-14, December.
    9. Eduarda Oliosi & Federico Guede-Fernández & Ana Londral, 2022. "Machine Learning Approaches for the Frailty Screening: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-11, July.
    10. Rónán O’Caoimh & Laura Morrison & Maria Costello & Antoinette Flannery & Cliona Small & Liam O’Reilly & Laura Heffernan & Edel Mannion & Ruairi Waters & Shaun O’Keeffe, 2024. "Frailty in an Adult Acute Hospital Population: Predictors, Prevalence, and Outcomes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(3), pages 1-13, February.
    11. Rónán O’Caoimh, 2023. "Validation of the Risk Instrument for Screening in the Community ( RISC ) among Older Adults in the Emergency Department," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-17, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4129-:d:1080447. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.