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Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) to Assess the Multidimensionality of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Giuseppe Liotta

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Grazia Lorusso

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Olga Madaro

    (“Long Live the Elderly!” Program, Community of Sant’Egidio, 00153 Rome, Italy)

  • Valeria Formosa

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Clara Donnoli

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Fabio Riccardi

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Stefano Orlando

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Paola Scarcella

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Joao Apostolo

    (The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra, 3000-076 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Rosa Silva

    (The Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra, 3000-076 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Carina Dantas

    (SHINE 2Europe, 3030-163 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Willeke van Staalduinen

    (AFEdemy—Academy on Age-Friendly Environments in Europe, 2806 ED Gouda, The Netherlands)

  • Vincenzo De Luca

    (Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Maddalena Illario

    (Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Susanna Gentili

    (Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Leonardo Palombi

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

The Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) is a multidimensional and short questionnaire to assess biopsychosocial frailty in older adults. This paper aims to clarify the latent factors of SFGE. Data were collected from January 2016 to December 2020 from 8800 community-dwelling older adults participating in the “Long Live the Elderly!” program. Social operators administered the questionnaire through phone calls. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out to identify the quality of the structure of the SFGE. Principal component analysis was also performed. According to the SFGE score, 37.7% of our sample comprised robust, 24.0% prefrail, 29.3% frail, and 9.0% very frail individuals. Using the EFA, we identified three main factors: psychophysical frailty, the need for social and economic support, and the lack of social relationships. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.792, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity had a statistically significant result ( p -value < 0.001). The three constructs that emerged explain the multidimensionality of biopsychosocial frailty. The SFGE score, 40% of which is social questions, underlines the crucial relevance of the social domain in determining the risk of adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuseppe Liotta & Grazia Lorusso & Olga Madaro & Valeria Formosa & Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti & Clara Donnoli & Fabio Riccardi & Stefano Orlando & Paola Scarcella & Joao Apostolo & Rosa Silva & Carin, 2023. "Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) to Assess the Multidimensionality of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-9, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4129-:d:1080447
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aleksandra Nikolic & Bojana Bukurov & Ilija Kocic & Ivan Soldatovic & Sladjana Mihajlovic & Dejan Nesic & Milica Vukovic & Nikola Ladjevic & Sandra Sipetic Grujicic, 2022. "The Validity and Reliability of the Serbian Version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale—Short Version," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-11, January.
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