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Differences in Drug Use among Persons Experiencing Homelessness According to Gender and Nationality

Author

Listed:
  • Alícia Parés-Bayerri

    (Social Psychology Department, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain)

  • Fran Calvo

    (Serra Húnter Fellow, Pedagogy Department, Quality of Life Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec, 17003 Girona, Spain)

  • Sílvia Font-Mayolas

    (Psychology Department, Quality of Life Research Institute, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain)

  • Sonia Panadero

    (Clinical Psychology Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • José Juan Vázquez

    (Social Psychology Department, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

The main aims of this article are to update the data related to drug and alcohol use in persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) who use shelters, and to see if there are significant differences in their drug use depending on their gender and nationality. The article presents an analysis of the interconnections between the results of drug dependence detection tools (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10), Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS)) according to gender and nationality with the intention of identifying specific needs that lead to new lines of research into better approaches to homelessness. A cross-sectional, observational and analytical method was used to analyse the experiences of persons experiencing homelessness who use various shelters in the cities of Madrid, Girona, and Guadalajara (Spain). The results show that there are no gender differences in the risks of using drugs and drug addiction, but there are differences in terms of nationality for drug addiction, with Spanish nationals showing a greater tendency to develop drug addiction. These findings have significant implications, as they highlight socio-cultural and socio-educational influence as risk factors in drug addiction behaviours.

Suggested Citation

  • Alícia Parés-Bayerri & Fran Calvo & Sílvia Font-Mayolas & Sonia Panadero & José Juan Vázquez, 2023. "Differences in Drug Use among Persons Experiencing Homelessness According to Gender and Nationality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4007-:d:1078374
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fran Calvo & Oriol Turró-Garriga & Carles Fàbregas & Rebeca Alfranca & Anna Calvet & Mercè Salvans & Cristina Giralt & Sandra Castillejos & Mercè Rived-Ocaña & Paula Calvo & Paz Castillo & Josep Garre, 2021. "Mortality Risk Factors for Individuals Experiencing Homelessness in Catalonia (Spain): A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-10, February.
    2. Lindert, Jutta & Ehrenstein, Ondine S. von & Priebe, Stefan & Mielck, Andreas & Brähler, Elmar, 2009. "Depression and anxiety in labor migrants and refugees - A systematic review and meta-analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(2), pages 246-257, July.
    3. Caton, C.L.M. & Dominguez, B. & Schanzer, B. & Hasin, D.S. & Shrout, P.E. & Felix, A. & McQuistion, H. & Opler, L.A. & Hsu, E., 2005. "Risk factors for long-term homelessness: Findings from a longitudinal study of first-time homeless single adults," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(10), pages 1753-1759.
    4. Stefan Gutwinski & Stefanie Schreiter & Karl Deutscher & Seena Fazel, 2021. "The prevalence of mental disorders among homeless people in high-income countries: An updated systematic review and meta-regression analysis," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(8), pages 1-22, August.
    5. Ami Rokach, 2004. "The Lonely and Homeless: Causes and Consequences," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 69(1), pages 37-50, October.
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