IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2023i3p2728-d1056682.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

How Do Health, Biological, Behavioral, and Cognitive Variables Interact over Time in Children of Both Sexes? A Complex Systems Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Elenice de Sousa Pereira

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

  • Mabliny Thuany

    (Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal)

  • Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira

    (Department of Physical Education, Regional University of Cariri—URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
    Federal University of Vale do São Francisco—UNIVASF, Petrolina 48902-300, PE, Brazil)

  • Thayse Natacha Q. F. Gomes

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
    Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
    Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland)

  • Fernanda Karina dos Santos

    (Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil)

Abstract

The present study examined gender differences in health, physical activity, physical fitness, real and perceived motor competence, and executive function indicators in three time points, and analyzed the dynamic and non-linear association between health, biological, behavioral, and cognitive variables in children followed over time. A total of 67 children (aged between six and 10 years) were followed during two years and split into two cohorts (six to eight years old: C1; eight to 10 years old: C2). Data regarding health, physical activity, real and perceived motor competence, physical fitness, and executive function indicators were obtained according to their respective protocols. Comparison tests and network analysis were estimated. Significant gender differences were found in both cohorts. The emerged networks indicated different topologies in both cohorts. No clusters were observed between the variables in C1, and there was a greater number of interactions at eight years of age. Sparse networks were observed in children aged eight and 10 years in C2, and greater connectivity was observed at nine years of age between health, physical fitness, motor competence, and physical activity indicators. This study showed that there are non-linear dynamic relationships between health, biological, behavioral, and cognitive variables over time during child development.

Suggested Citation

  • Elenice de Sousa Pereira & Mabliny Thuany & Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira & Thayse Natacha Q. F. Gomes & Fernanda Karina dos Santos, 2023. "How Do Health, Biological, Behavioral, and Cognitive Variables Interact over Time in Children of Both Sexes? A Complex Systems Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-19, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2728-:d:1056682
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/3/2728/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/3/2728/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Epskamp, Sacha & Cramer, Angélique O.J. & Waldorp, Lourens J. & Schmittmann, Verena D. & Borsboom, Denny, 2012. "qgraph: Network Visualizations of Relationships in Psychometric Data," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i04).
    2. Jiahua Chen & Zehua Chen, 2008. "Extended Bayesian information criteria for model selection with large model spaces," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 95(3), pages 759-771.
    3. José Francisco López-Gil & Javier Brazo-Sayavera & Juan Luis Yuste Lucas & Fernando Renato Cavichiolli, 2020. "Weight Status Is Related to Health-Related Physical Fitness and Physical Activity but Not to Sedentary Behaviour in Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Jorge Cazorla-González & Sergi García-Retortillo & Mariano Gacto-Sánchez & Gerard Muñoz-Castro & Juan Serrano-Ferrer & Blanca Román-Viñas & Abel López-Bermejo & Raquel Font-Lladó & Anna Prats-Puig, 2022. "Effects of Crawling before Walking: Network Interactions and Longitudinal Associations in 7-Year-Old Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-11, May.
    5. Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins & Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira & Natália Batista Albuquerque Goulart Lemos & Thaynã Alves Bezerra & Cain Craig Truman Clark & Jorge Mota & Michael Joseph Duncan, 2020. "A Network Perspective on the Relationship between Screen Time, Executive Function, and Fundamental Motor Skills among Preschoolers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-12, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Juliana Ribeiro Francelino Sampaio & Suely Arruda Vidal & Paulo Savio Angeiras de Goes & Paulo Felipe R. Bandeira & José Eulálio Cabral Filho, 2021. "Sociodemographic, Behavioral and Oral Health Factors in Maternal and Child Health: An Interventional and Associative Study from the Network Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Dana Rad & Lavinia Denisia Cuc & Ramona Lile & Valentina E. Balas & Cornel Barna & Mioara Florina Pantea & Graziella Corina Bâtcă-Dumitru & Silviu Gabriel Szentesi & Gavril Rad, 2022. "A Cognitive Systems Engineering Approach Using Unsupervised Fuzzy C-Means Technique, Exploratory Factor Analysis and Network Analysis—A Preliminary Statistical Investigation of the Bean Counter Profil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-19, October.
    3. Tho Nguyen & Ladda Thiamwong & Qian Lou & Rui Xie, 2024. "Unveiling Fall Triggers in Older Adults: A Machine Learning Graphical Model Analysis," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, April.
    4. Dora Gyori & Bernadett Frida Farkas & Lili Olga Horvath & Daniel Komaromy & Gergely Meszaros & Dora Szentivanyi & Judit Balazs, 2021. "The Association of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury with Quality of Life and Mental Disorders in Clinical Adolescents—A Network Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Pedro Henrique Ribeiro Santiago & Gustavo Hermes Soares & Lisa Gaye Smithers & Rachel Roberts & Lisa Jamieson, 2022. "Psychological Network of Stress, Coping and Social Support in an Aboriginal Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-22, November.
    6. Li, Li & Niu, Zhimin & Griffiths, Mark D. & Wang, Wen & Chang, Chunying & Mei, Songli, 2021. "A network perspective on the relationship between gaming disorder, depression, alexithymia, boredom, and loneliness among a sample of Chinese university students," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    7. M. Marsman & K. Huth & L. J. Waldorp & I. Ntzoufras, 2022. "Objective Bayesian Edge Screening and Structure Selection for Ising Networks," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 87(1), pages 47-82, March.
    8. Josefina Vieta-Piferrer & Xavier Oriol & Rafael Miranda, 2024. "Longitudinal Associations Between Cyberbullying Victimization and Cognitive and Affective Components of Subjective Well-Being in Adolescents: A Network Analysis," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 19(5), pages 2967-2989, October.
    9. Conte, Federica & Costantini, Giulio & Rinaldi, Luca & Gerosa, Tiziano & Girelli, Luisa, 2020. "Intellect is not that expensive: differential association of cultural and socio-economic factors with crystallized intelligence in a sample of Italian adolescents," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    10. Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins & Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira & Natália Batista Albuquerque Goulart Lemos & Thaynã Alves Bezerra & Cain Craig Truman Clark & Jorge Mota & Michael Joseph Duncan, 2020. "A Network Perspective on the Relationship between Screen Time, Executive Function, and Fundamental Motor Skills among Preschoolers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-12, November.
    11. Georgia Mangion & Melanie Simmonds-Buckley & Stephen Kellett & Peter Taylor & Amy Degnan & Charlotte Humphrey & Kate Freshwater & Marisa Poggioli & Cristina Fiorani, 2022. "Modelling Identity Disturbance: A Network Analysis of the Personality Structure Questionnaire (PSQ)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-17, October.
    12. Xiao Yang & Nilam Ram & Scott D. Gest & David M. Lydon-Staley & David E. Conroy & Aaron L. Pincus & Peter C. M. Molenaar, 2018. "Socioemotional Dynamics of Emotion Regulation and Depressive Symptoms: A Person-Specific Network Approach," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2018, pages 1-14, November.
    13. Frommlet, Florian & Ruhaltinger, Felix & Twaróg, Piotr & Bogdan, Małgorzata, 2012. "Modified versions of Bayesian Information Criterion for genome-wide association studies," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 56(5), pages 1038-1051.
    14. Zak-Szatkowska, Malgorzata & Bogdan, Malgorzata, 2011. "Modified versions of the Bayesian Information Criterion for sparse Generalized Linear Models," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(11), pages 2908-2924, November.
    15. Gaorong Li & Liugen Xue & Heng Lian, 2012. "SCAD-penalised generalised additive models with non-polynomial dimensionality," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(3), pages 681-697.
    16. Xiaotong Shen & Wei Pan & Yunzhang Zhu & Hui Zhou, 2013. "On constrained and regularized high-dimensional regression," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 65(5), pages 807-832, October.
    17. Emre Demirkaya & Yang Feng & Pallavi Basu & Jinchi Lv, 2022. "Large-scale model selection in misspecified generalized linear models [Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle]," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 109(1), pages 123-136.
    18. Shan Luo & Zehua Chen, 2014. "Sequential Lasso Cum EBIC for Feature Selection With Ultra-High Dimensional Feature Space," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 109(507), pages 1229-1240, September.
    19. Lu Tang & Ling Zhou & Peter X. K. Song, 2019. "Fusion learning algorithm to combine partially heterogeneous Cox models," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 34(1), pages 395-414, March.
    20. Lian, Heng & Du, Pang & Li, YuanZhang & Liang, Hua, 2014. "Partially linear structure identification in generalized additive models with NP-dimensionality," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 197-208.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2728-:d:1056682. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.