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Body Esteem and Self-Efficacy of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Author

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  • Agnieszka Bień

    (Chair of Obstetrics Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 4/6 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland)

  • Agnieszka Pieczykolan

    (Chair of Obstetrics Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 4/6 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland)

  • Magdalena Korżyńska-Piętas

    (Chair of Obstetrics Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 4/6 Staszica St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland)

  • Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior

    (State University of Applied Sciences in Krosno, 6 KazimierzaWielkiego St., 38-400 Krosno, Poland)

Abstract

The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus provokes a change in a pregnant woman’s lifestyle, which may affect her well-being and precipitate a sense of loss of self-control over her own body. The perception of “body image” is not only physical appearance and physical attractiveness but also the emotional attitude to the body and beliefs about it. The aim of the study was to analyze the factors affecting body esteem and analyze the relationship between body esteem and self-efficacy in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. The study was conducted in the period from April 2019 to January 2021 among 287 women with gestational diabetes mellitus with the use of the following research tools: Body Esteem Scale (BES) and Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). The explanatory variables for the sexual attractiveness variable were age (β = 0.252; p = 0.006) and education (β = 0.334; p = 0.007), for the weight concern variable were age (β = 0.161; p = 0.005), BMI (β = 0.334; p = 0.005), and education (β = 0.252; p = 0.033), for the physical condition variable, were age (β = 0.096; p = 0.004) and education (β = 0.213; p = 0.006). Positive correlations were found between self-efficacy and body esteem in the aspects of sexual attractiveness ( p = 0.350), weight concern ( p = 0.296), and physical condition ( p = 0.286). Positive correlations were found between self-efficacy and body esteem in the aspects of sexual attractiveness ( p = 0.350), weight concern ( p = 0.296), and physical condition ( p = 0.286). Older women who had better education and a lower BMI rated their bodies better. In women with gestational diabetes mellitus, high self-efficacy determines a better perception of their bodies in all areas: sexual attractiveness, weight concern, and physical condition.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnieszka Bień & Agnieszka Pieczykolan & Magdalena Korżyńska-Piętas & Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior, 2023. "Body Esteem and Self-Efficacy of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2171-:d:1046423
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dominik Franciszek Dłuski & Monika Ruszała & Gracjan Rudziński & Kinga Pożarowska & Kinga Brzuszkiewicz & Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak, 2022. "Evolution of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus across Continents in 21st Century," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-32, November.
    2. José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera & María Gallardo-Bravo & Joseba Aingerun Rabanales-Sotos & Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca & Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres, 2020. "Physical Activity Programs during Pregnancy Are Effective for the Control of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-14, August.
    3. Agnieszka Bień & Ewa Rzońca & Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior & Agnieszka Pieczykolan & Ewa Humeniuk & Małgorzata Michalak & Grażyna Iwanowicz-Palus & Artur Wdowiak, 2021. "Determinants of Psychosocial Resilience Resources in Obese Pregnant Women with Threatened Preterm Labor—A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-11, October.
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