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Physical Activity Programs during Pregnancy Are Effective for the Control of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Author

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  • José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av Real Fábrica de Sedas s/n, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
    Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45004 Toledo, Spain)

  • María Gallardo-Bravo

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av Real Fábrica de Sedas s/n, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain)

  • Joseba Aingerun Rabanales-Sotos

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
    Grupo de Actividades Preventivas en el ámbito Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (GAP-CS), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain)

  • Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca

    (Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45004 Toledo, Spain
    Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45004 Toledo, Spain)

  • Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres

    (Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45004 Toledo, Spain
    Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45004 Toledo, Spain)

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus has an incidence of 14% worldwide and nursing is responsible for its monitoring during pregnancy. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is directly related to gestational diabetes mellitus development. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has negative repercussions on the evolution of the pregnancy and the fetus. The objective of this systematic review is to establish how physical activity influences pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and to analyze what benefits physical activity has in the control of gestational diabetes mellitus. A systematic search was carried out in different databases (Cochrane, Superior Council of Scientific Investigations (CSIC), EBSCOhost, Pubmed, Scopus, Web os Science, and Proquest) for papers published within the last 12 years, taking into account different inclusion and exclusion criteria. Six randomized controlled studies and one observational case-control study of a high quality were selected. Fasting, postprandial glucose and HbcA1 were assessed, as well as the requirement and amount of insulin used. Thus, there is a positive relationship between the performance of physical activity and the control of gestational diabetes mellitus. Resistance, aerobic exercise, or a combination of both are effective for the control of glucose, HbcA1, and insulin. Due to the variability of the exercises of the analyzed studies and the variability of the shape of the different pregnant women, it does not permit the recommendation of a particular type of exercise. However, any type of physical activity of sufficient intensity and duration can have benefits for pregnant women with GDM. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus should exercise for at least 20–50 min a minimum of 2 times a week with at a least moderate intensity.

Suggested Citation

  • José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera & María Gallardo-Bravo & Joseba Aingerun Rabanales-Sotos & Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca & Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres, 2020. "Physical Activity Programs during Pregnancy Are Effective for the Control of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6151-:d:403393
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Isabelle Sinclair & Myriane St-Pierre & Guillaume Elgbeili & Paquito Bernard & Cathy Vaillancourt & Sonia Gagnon & Kelsey Needham Dancause, 2019. "Psychosocial Stress, Sedentary Behavior, and Physical Activity during Pregnancy among Canadian Women: Relationships in a Diverse Cohort and a Nationwide Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-13, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Victor Hugo Vazquez & Jesus III Loera & Juan David Camarillo & Humberto Martínez Bautista, "undated". "Risk factors associated with gestational diabetes in the northern region of Mexico," Mexican Stata Conference 2023 13, Stata Users Group.
    2. Uchenna Benedine Okafor & Daniel Ter Goon, 2020. "Developing a Physical Activity Intervention Strategy for Pregnant Women in Buffalo City Municipality, South Africa: A Study Protocol," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Yanbing Zhou & Xian Guo & Jinhao Mu & Jingying Liu & Hongying Yang & Chenxi Cai, 2022. "Current Research Trends, Hotspots, and Frontiers of Physical Activity during Pregnancy: A Bibliometric Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-14, November.
    4. Sávio F. Camargo & Juliana D. Camargo & Daniel Schwade & Raíssa M. Silva & Maria da Conceição M. Cornetta & Ricardo N. Cobucci & Eduardo C. Costa, 2021. "Movement Behavior during Pregnancy and Adverse Maternal–Fetal Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Pilot Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-10, January.
    5. Agnieszka Bień & Agnieszka Pieczykolan & Magdalena Korżyńska-Piętas & Joanna Grzesik-Gąsior, 2023. "Body Esteem and Self-Efficacy of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-12, January.

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