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Differences in Stress Perception of Medical Students Depending on In-Person Communication and Online Communication during the COVID−19 Pandemic: A Japanese Cross-Sectional Survey

Author

Listed:
  • Kazuki Tokumasu

    (Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan)

  • Yoshito Nishimura

    (Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’i, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA)

  • Yoko Sakamoto

    (Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan)

  • Mikako Obika

    (Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan)

  • Hitomi Kataoka

    (Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
    Center for Diversity and Inclusion, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan)

  • Fumio Otsuka

    (Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan)

Abstract

Background: Excessive psychological stress in medical students affects their mental health and causes problems such as burnout and depression. Furthermore, changes in the learning environment to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic have had a psychological effect on medical students. However, the relationships between medical students’ perceived stress and different methods of communication, including in-person and online communication, remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in stress perception of medical students depending on in-person communication and online communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted from September to October in 2020. All of the students of Okayama University School of Medicine were asked to participate in a questionnaire survey. The explanatory variables were the frequency and length of communications with others (by in-person or online communication), empathy, and lifestyle. The main outcome measure was perceived stress. Subgroup analysis was conducted for students who preferred to be by themselves and students who preferred to study together and interact with other people. Univariate analysis and multivariate multiple regression analysis were conducted. Gender and grade, which have been shown to be associated with stress in previous studies, were used as covariates for multiple regression analysis. Results: Valid responses to the questionnaire survey were received from 211 (29.4%) of the 717 students. There was no significant association between perceived stress and online communication, but the number of people with which students had in-person communication (1–2 people compared to 0 as a control, regression coefficient [B] = −4.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]; −7.8, −1.1, more than 10 people, B = −12, 95% CI: −18, −5.8) and the length of communication (more than 120 min, B = −4.5, 95% CI: −8.1, −0.92) were associated with a reduction in perceived stress. In subgroup analysis, the number of people with in-person communication and the length of communication had significant associations with stress reduction even in the group of students who had a preference for being by themselves. Conclusion: In-person communications rather than online communications were associated with a lower level of perceived stress. In subgroup analysis, this trend was statistically significant in the group of students who had a preference for being by themselves.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazuki Tokumasu & Yoshito Nishimura & Yoko Sakamoto & Mikako Obika & Hitomi Kataoka & Fumio Otsuka, 2023. "Differences in Stress Perception of Medical Students Depending on In-Person Communication and Online Communication during the COVID−19 Pandemic: A Japanese Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-10, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:2:p:1579-:d:1036556
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paweł Wańkowicz & Aleksandra Szylińska & Iwona Rotter, 2020. "Assessment of Mental Health Factors among Health Professionals Depending on Their Contact with COVID-19 Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-8, August.
    2. Travis Tian-Ci Quek & Wilson Wai-San Tam & Bach X. Tran & Min Zhang & Zhisong Zhang & Cyrus Su-Hui Ho & Roger Chun-Man Ho, 2019. "The Global Prevalence of Anxiety Among Medical Students: A Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-18, July.
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