IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2023i18p6730-d1235032.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

School-Level Socioeconomic Status and Nutrient Content of Outdoor Food/Beverage Advertisements

Author

Listed:
  • Phoebe R. Ruggles

    (Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA)

  • Jacob E. Thomas

    (Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA)

  • Natalie S. Poulos

    (School of Community and Rural Health, Heath Science Center, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 78708, USA
    Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA)

  • Keryn E. Pasch

    (Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA)

Abstract

We examined if areas around schools with more students of lower socioeconomic status (SES) have more total food/beverage advertisements and/or more advertisements with poorer nutritional content as compared to areas around schools with fewer students with lower SES. All outdoor food/beverage advertisements within a half-mile radius of 47 middle and high schools in the United States were objectively documented in 2012 and coded for nutritional content. The total number of advertisements and the macronutrient and micronutrient contents (total calories, fat (g), protein (g), carbohydrate (g), sugar (g), and sodium (mg)) of food and beverage items depicted in the advertisements were calculated. In total, 9132 unique advertisements were recorded, with 3153 ads displaying food and beverages that could be coded for nutrient content. Schools located in areas of lower SES (≥60% students receiving free/reduced-price lunch) had significantly more advertisements displaying food and beverages that could be coded for nutrient content (z = 2.01, p = 0.04), as well as advertisements that contained more sodium (z = 2.20, p = 0.03), as compared to schools located in areas of higher SES. There were no differences in calorie, fat, protein, carbohydrate, or sugar content. Policies to reduce the prevalence of outdoor food and beverage advertising are warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Phoebe R. Ruggles & Jacob E. Thomas & Natalie S. Poulos & Keryn E. Pasch, 2023. "School-Level Socioeconomic Status and Nutrient Content of Outdoor Food/Beverage Advertisements," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(18), pages 1-12, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:18:p:6730-:d:1235032
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/18/6730/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/18/6730/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Austin, S.B. & Melly, S.J. & Sanchez, B.N. & Patel, A. & Buka, S. & Gortmaker, S.L., 2005. "Clustering of fast-food restaurants around schools: A novel application of spatial statistics to the study of food environments," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(9), pages 1575-1581.
    2. Hilmers, A. & Hilmers, D.C. & Dave, J., 2012. "Neighborhood disparities in access to healthy foods and their effects on environmental justice," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(9), pages 1644-1654.
    3. Davis, B. & Carpenter, C., 2009. "Proximity of fast-food restaurants to schools and adolescent obesity," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 99(3), pages 505-510.
    4. Norah Alosaimi & Eduardo Bernabé, 2022. "Amount and Frequency of Added Sugars Intake and Their Associations with Dental Caries in United States Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-9, April.
    5. Harrison, K. & Marske, A.L., 2005. "Nutritional content of foods advertised during the television programs children watch most," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(9), pages 1568-1574.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Asirvatham, Jebaraj & Thomsen, Michael R. & Nayga, Rodolfo M. & Goudie, Anthony, 2019. "Do fast food restaurants surrounding schools affect childhood obesity?," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 124-133.
    2. Lin Lin & Xueming (Jimmy) Chen & Anne Vernez Moudon, 2021. "Measuring the Urban Forms of Shanghai’s City Center and Its New Districts: A Neighborhood-Level Comparative Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-18, July.
    3. Hunt Allcott & Rebecca Diamond & Jean-Pierre Dubé & Jessie Handbury & Ilya Rahkovsky & Molly Schnell, 2019. "Food Deserts and the Causes of Nutritional Inequality," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 134(4), pages 1793-1844.
    4. Brennan Davis & Cornelia Pechmann, 2023. "When Students Patronize Fast-Food Restaurants near School: The Effects of Identification with the Student Community, Social Activity Spaces and Social Liability Interventions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-24, March.
    5. Adriana Dornelles, 2019. "Impact of multiple food environments on body mass index," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(8), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Harrison, Flo & Jones, Andrew P. & van Sluijs, Esther M.F. & Cassidy, Aedín & Bentham, Graham & Griffin, Simon J., 2011. "Environmental correlates of adiposity in 9-10 year old children: Considering home and school neighbourhoods and routes to school," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(9), pages 1411-1419, May.
    7. Laura Seliske & William Pickett & Andrei Rosu & Ian Janssen, 2012. "Identification of the Appropriate Boundary Size to Use When Measuring the Food Retail Environment Surrounding Schools," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-13, July.
    8. Shirlene D. Wang & Michele Nicolo & Li Yi & Genevieve F. Dunton & Tyler B. Mason, 2021. "Interactions among Reward Sensitivity and Fast-Food Access on Healthy Eating Index Scores in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-10, May.
    9. Lorna K. Fraser & Kimberly L. Edwards & Janet Cade & Graham P. Clarke, 2010. "The Geography of Fast Food Outlets: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-19, May.
    10. Sékou Samadoulougou & Laurence Letarte & Alexandre Lebel, 2022. "Association between Neighbourhood Deprivation Trajectories and Self-Perceived Health: Analysis of a Linked Survey and Health Administrative Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-14, December.
    11. Adamopoulou, Effrosyni & Olivieri, Elisabetta & Triviza, Eleftheria, 2024. "Eating habits, food consumption, and health: The role of early life experiences," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    12. Laura Seliske & William Pickett & Rebecca Bates & Ian Janssen, 2012. "Field Validation of Food Service Listings: A Comparison of Commercial and Online Geographic Information System Databases," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-7, July.
    13. Landwehr, Stefanie C. & Hartmann, Monika, 2016. "Does self regulation work? The case of television food advertisement to children in Germany," 2016 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Boston, Massachusetts 235881, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    14. Chenarides, Lauren & Bonanno, Alessandro & Palmer, Anne & Clancy, Kate, 2014. "Perceived Barriers to Purchasing Healthy Foods vs. Access in Underserved Areas across the Northeast," 2014 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2014, Minneapolis, Minnesota 170606, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    15. Kristi Pullen Fedinick & Ilch Yiliqi & Yukyan Lam & David Lennett & Veena Singla & Miriam Rotkin-Ellman & Jennifer Sass, 2021. "A Cumulative Framework for Identifying Overburdened Populations under the Toxic Substances Control Act: Formaldehyde Case Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-13, June.
    16. Mishra, Sabyasachee & Sharma, Ishant & Pani, Agnivesh, 2023. "Analyzing autonomous delivery acceptance in food deserts based on shopping travel patterns," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    17. Shi, Yishao & Tao, Tianhui & Cao, Xiangyang & Pei, Xiaowen, 2021. "The association between spatial attributes and neighborhood characteristics based on Meituan take-out data: Evidence from shanghai business circles," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    18. Shan Zhou & Douglas S. Noonan, 2019. "Justice Implications of Clean Energy Policies and Programs in the United States: A Theoretical and Empirical Exploration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, February.
    19. Michael L. Anderson & David A. Matsa, 2011. "Are Restaurants Really Supersizing America?," American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, American Economic Association, vol. 3(1), pages 152-188, January.
    20. Abrahamsson, Sara & Bütikofer, Aline & Karbownik, Krzysztof, 2023. "Swallow This: Childhood and Adolescent Exposure to Fast Food Restaurants, BMI, and Cognitive Ability," CEPR Discussion Papers 18213, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:18:p:6730-:d:1235032. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.