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Investigating the Joint Effect of Allostatic Load among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults with Risk of Cancer Mortality

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  • Justin Xavier Moore

    (Cancer Prevention, Control & Population Health Program, Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
    Institute of Preventive and Public Health, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA)

  • Sydney Elizabeth Andrzejak

    (Cancer Prevention, Control & Population Health Program, Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA)

  • Tracy Casanova

    (Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA)

  • Marvin E. Langston

    (Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 49305, USA)

  • Søren Estvold

    (Department of Family Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 20912, USA)

  • Prajakta Adsul

    (Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Preventive Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
    Cancer Control and Population Sciences Research Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA)

Abstract

Sexual minorities (SM) have higher chronic physiologic stress as indicated by allostatic load (AL), which may be explained in part by consistent experiences of discriminatory practices. This is one of the first studies to examine the joint effects of SM status and AL on the association with long-term risk for cancer death. Retrospective analyses were conducted on 12,470 participants using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from years 2001 through 2010 linked with the National Death Index through December 31, 2019. Cox proportional hazards models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of cancer deaths between groups of SM (those reporting as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or having same-sex sexual partners) status and AL. SM adults living with high AL ( n = 326) had a 2-fold increased risk of cancer death (aHR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.40–4.65) when compared to straight/heterosexual adults living with low AL ( n = 6674). Among those living with high AL, SM ( n = 326) had a 2-fold increased risk of cancer death (aHR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.33–3.84) when compared to straight/heterosexual adults with high AL ( n = 4957). SM with high AL have an increased risk of cancer mortality. These findings highlight important implications for promoting a focused agenda on cancer prevention with strategies that reduce chronic stress for SM adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Justin Xavier Moore & Sydney Elizabeth Andrzejak & Tracy Casanova & Marvin E. Langston & Søren Estvold & Prajakta Adsul, 2023. "Investigating the Joint Effect of Allostatic Load among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults with Risk of Cancer Mortality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(12), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:12:p:6120-:d:1170375
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Geronimus, A.T. & Hicken, M. & Keene, D. & Bound, J., 2006. ""Weathering" and age patterns of allostatic load scores among blacks and whites in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(5), pages 826-833.
    2. Rodman E. Turpin & Natasha D. Williams & Ellesse-Roselee L. Akré & Bradley O. Boekeloo & Jessica N. Fish, 2022. "Trends in Health Care Access/Experiences: Differential Gains across Sexuality and Sex Intersections before and after Marriage Equality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-11, April.
    3. Regina Frei & Sarah R Haile & Margot Mutsch & Sabine Rohrmann, 2015. "Relationship of Serum Vitamin D Concentrations and Allostatic Load as a Measure of Cumulative Biological Risk among the US Population: A Cross-Sectional Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, October.
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