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Relationship between Chewing Status and Fatty Liver Diagnosed by Liver/Spleen Attenuation Ratio: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Komei Iwai

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan)

  • Tetsuji Azuma

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan)

  • Takatoshi Yonenaga

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan)

  • Yasuyuki Sasai

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan)

  • Kazutoshi Watanabe

    (Asahi University Hospital, Gifu 500-8523, Japan)

  • Fumiko Deguchi

    (Asahi University Hospital, Gifu 500-8523, Japan)

  • Akihiro Obora

    (Asahi University Hospital, Gifu 500-8523, Japan)

  • Takao Kojima

    (Asahi University Hospital, Gifu 500-8523, Japan)

  • Takaaki Tomofuji

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan)

Abstract

This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between chewing status and fatty liver among Japanese adults. Between April 2018 and March 2021, 450 individuals (352 males, 98 females; mean age 54.7 years) were recruited at the Asahi University Hospital Human Health Center. Chewing status was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. Liver/spleen (L/S) attenuation ratio < 0.9 on computed tomography was considered to indicate fatty liver, which was present in 69 participants (15%). Compared with participants without fatty liver, those with fatty liver had higher proportion of 25.0 (kg/m 2 ) ≤ body mass index (BMI) ( p < 0.001), higher serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ( p < 0.001), higher systolic blood pressure ( p < 0.001), higher diastolic blood pressure ( p < 0.001), and lower serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) ( p = 0.011). Significant differences were also found in chewing status ( p < 0.001) and eating speed ( p = 0.011). Presence of fatty liver was positively associated with BMI (25.0 ≤; odds ratio [OR], 5.048; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.550–9.992), serum HbA1c (OR, 1.937; 95% CI, 1.280–2.930), and chewing status (poor; OR, 8.912; 95% CI, 4.421–17.966) after adjusting for sex, age, BMI, serum HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum HDL cholesterol, chewing status, and eating speed. Poor chewing status was positively associated with L/S attenuation ratio. These results indicate a positive relationship between poor chewing status and fatty liver diagnosed by L/S attenuation ratio in Japanese adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Komei Iwai & Tetsuji Azuma & Takatoshi Yonenaga & Yasuyuki Sasai & Kazutoshi Watanabe & Fumiko Deguchi & Akihiro Obora & Takao Kojima & Takaaki Tomofuji, 2022. "Relationship between Chewing Status and Fatty Liver Diagnosed by Liver/Spleen Attenuation Ratio: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:307-:d:1014243
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Komei Iwai & Tetsuji Azuma & Takatoshi Yonenaga & Daisuke Ekuni & Kazutoshi Watanabe & Akihiro Obora & Fumiko Deguchi & Takao Kojima & Manabu Morita & Takaaki Tomofuji, 2021. "Association between Self-Reported Chewing Status and Glycemic Control in Japanese Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-9, September.
    2. Keiko Motokawa & Yurie Mikami & Maki Shirobe & Ayako Edahiro & Yuki Ohara & Masanori Iwasaki & Yutaka Watanabe & Hisashi Kawai & Takeshi Kera & Shuichi Obuchi & Yoshinori Fujiwara & Kazushige Ihara & , 2021. "Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-9, January.
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