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Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Keiko Motokawa

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Yurie Mikami

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Maki Shirobe

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Ayako Edahiro

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Yuki Ohara

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Masanori Iwasaki

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Yutaka Watanabe

    (Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan)

  • Hisashi Kawai

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Takeshi Kera

    (Department of Physiotherapy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Gunma 373-0033, Japan)

  • Shuichi Obuchi

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Yoshinori Fujiwara

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

  • Kazushige Ihara

    (Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 030-8560, Japan)

  • Hirohiko Hirano

    (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan)

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between objective chewing ability and the nutritional status of Japanese community-dwelling elders. Design: A cross-sectional study. Participants: A total of 509 community-dwelling elders living in the Tokyo metropolitan area participated in a comprehensive survey conducted in October 2013. Measurements: The basic characteristics were sex, age, and body mass index. Undernutrition was examined through serum albumin levels. Chewing ability was examined through color-changeable xylitol gum by evaluating the color changes in chewing gum. Nutritional intake was examined using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results: In the poor chewing ability group, all nutrient intake levels were significantly low, except for carbohydrates, and intake levels for all food groups were significantly low, except for cereals, confectionery, sugars, seasonings, and spices. Additionally, after adjusting for covariates for sex, age, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology-Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) score, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, body mass index (BMI), stroke, number of functional teeth, energy intake, and protein intake, chewing ability was found to be significantly associated with undernutrition. Conclusion: We concluded that chewing ability was closely associated with nutrient and different food groups’ intake, as well as undernutrition, among Japanese community-dwelling elders. Thus, to ensure comprehensive nutritional management, nutritionists and dentists should collaborate when treating the same patients.

Suggested Citation

  • Keiko Motokawa & Yurie Mikami & Maki Shirobe & Ayako Edahiro & Yuki Ohara & Masanori Iwasaki & Yutaka Watanabe & Hisashi Kawai & Takeshi Kera & Shuichi Obuchi & Yoshinori Fujiwara & Kazushige Ihara & , 2021. "Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-9, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:3:p:1216-:d:489587
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Yukiko Hatanaka & Junichi Furuya & Yuji Sato & Yoshiki Uchida & Toshiharu Shichita & Noboru Kitagawa & Tokiko Osawa, 2021. "Associations between Oral Hypofunction Tests, Age, and Sex," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-10, September.
    2. Komei Iwai & Tetsuji Azuma & Takatoshi Yonenaga & Taketsugu Nomura & Iwane Sugiura & Yujo Inagawa & Yusuke Matsumoto & Seiji Nakashima & Yoshikazu Abe & Takaaki Tomofuji, 2022. "Relationship between Oral Function and Support/Care-Need Certification in Japanese Older People Aged ≥ 75 Years: A Three-Year Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Tatsuo Yamamoto & Tomoki Tanaka & Hirohiko Hirano & Yuki Mochida & Katsuya Iijima, 2022. "Model to Predict Oral Frailty Based on a Questionnaire: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-9, October.
    4. Kazunari Kobayashi & Tomoko Nishida & Hisataka Sakakibara, 2023. "Factors Associated with Low Albumin in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Aged 75 Years and Above," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(21), pages 1-10, October.
    5. Komei Iwai & Tetsuji Azuma & Takatoshi Yonenaga & Yasuyuki Sasai & Kazutoshi Watanabe & Fumiko Deguchi & Akihiro Obora & Takao Kojima & Takaaki Tomofuji, 2022. "Relationship between Chewing Status and Fatty Liver Diagnosed by Liver/Spleen Attenuation Ratio: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-9, December.

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