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In Vitro Assessment and Toxicological Prioritization of Pesticide Mixtures at Concentrations Derived from Real Exposure in Occupational Scenarios

Author

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  • Sabrina Tait

    (Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Gabriele Lori

    (Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
    Science Department, Università Degli Studi di Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy)

  • Roberta Tassinari

    (Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Cinzia La Rocca

    (Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Francesca Maranghi

    (Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

Humans are daily exposed to multiple residues of pesticides with agricultural workers representing a subpopulation at higher risk. In this context, the cumulative risk assessment of pesticide mixtures is an urgent issue. The present study evaluated, as a case study, the toxicological profiles of thirteen pesticide mixtures used for grapevine protection, including ten active compounds (sulfur, potassium phosphonate, metrafenone, zoxamide, cyflufenamid, quinoxyfen, mancozeb, folpet, penconazole and dimethomorph), at concentrations used on field. A battery of in vitro tests for cell viability and oxidative stress endpoints (cytotoxicity, apoptosis, necrosis, ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, gene expression of markers for apoptosis and oxidative stress) was performed on two cellular models representative of main target organs of workers’ and population exposure: pulmonary A549 and hepatic HepG2 cell lines. All the endpoints provided evidence for effects also at the lower concentrations used. The overall data were integrated into the ToxPI tool obtaining a toxicity ranking of the mixtures, allowing to prioritize effects also among similarly composed blends. The clustering of the toxicological profiles further provided evidence of common and different modes of action of the mixtures. The approach demonstrated to be suitable for the purpose and it could be applied also in other contexts.

Suggested Citation

  • Sabrina Tait & Gabriele Lori & Roberta Tassinari & Cinzia La Rocca & Francesca Maranghi, 2022. "In Vitro Assessment and Toxicological Prioritization of Pesticide Mixtures at Concentrations Derived from Real Exposure in Occupational Scenarios," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-23, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5202-:d:801677
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gabriele Lori & Roberta Tassinari & Laura Narciso & Ion Udroiu & Antonella Sgura & Francesca Maranghi & Sabrina Tait, 2021. "Toxicological Comparison of Mancozeb and Zoxamide Fungicides at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations by an In Vitro Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Zijian Li & Aaron Jennings, 2017. "Worldwide Regulations of Standard Values of Pesticides for Human Health Risk Control: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-41, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chiara Costa & Michele Teodoro & Federica Giambò & Stefania Catania & Silvia Vivarelli & Concettina Fenga, 2022. "Assessment of Mancozeb Exposure, Absorbed Dose, and Oxidative Damage in Greenhouse Farmers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-19, August.

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