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Low-Carbon Travel Motivation and Constraint: Scales Development and Validation

Author

Listed:
  • You-Yu Dai

    (International Business School, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264209, China)

  • An-Jin Shie

    (College of Business Administration, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
    School of Big Data, Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade, Fuzhou 350200, China
    International College, Krirk University, Bangkok 10220, Thailand)

  • Jin-Hua Chu

    (International Business School, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264209, China)

  • Yen-Chun Jim Wu

    (Graduate Institute of Global Business and Strategy, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
    College of Humanities and Arts, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei 106, Taiwan)

Abstract

Low-carbon travel has emerged as a topic of interest in tourism and academia. Studies have offered reasons tourists may engage in low-carbon travel; however, these explanations are scattered throughout the literature and have yet to be integrated into low-carbon travel motivation and constraint constructs. This study develops a low-carbon travel motivation scale (LCTMS) and a low-carbon travel constraint scale (LCTCS). It performs reliability and validity testing to measure the low-carbon travel motives and obstacles. Items were collected primarily by literature review, and, then, by surveys of 382 tourists from low-carbon travel destinations and 390 from non-low-carbon travel destinations. Through a rigorous scale development process, this study identifies six dimensions of the LCTMS (environmental protection, experience-seeking, escape or social connection, industry pleas and measures for environmental protection, low-carbon products, and green transportation) and four dimensions of the LCTCS (intrapersonal constraints, interpersonal constraints, structural constraints, and the not a travel option).

Suggested Citation

  • You-Yu Dai & An-Jin Shie & Jin-Hua Chu & Yen-Chun Jim Wu, 2022. "Low-Carbon Travel Motivation and Constraint: Scales Development and Validation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-25, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5123-:d:800065
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Zhenshan Xu & Hong Zhang & Chunhui Zhang & Man Xu & Nan Dong, 2019. "Exploring the Role of Emotion in the Relationship between Museum Image and Tourists’ Behavioral Intention: The Case of Three Museums in Xi’an," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, January.
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    Cited by:

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    2. An-Jin Shie & You-Yu Dai & Ming-Xing Shen & Li Tian & Ming Yang & Wen-Wei Luo & Yenchun Jim Wu & Zhao-Hui Su, 2022. "Diamond Model of Green Commitment and Low-Carbon Travel Motivation, Constraint, and Intention," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-21, July.

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