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Association between Internalized Stigma and Depression among People Living with HIV in Thailand

Author

Listed:
  • Darawan Thapinta

    (Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai

    (Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
    Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Penpaktr Uthis

    (Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand)

  • Sunisa Suktrakul

    (Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand)

  • Rangsima Wiwatwongnawa

    (Faculty of Social Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Arunrat Tangmunkongvorakul

    (Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Saranya Wannachaiyakul

    (Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Patumrat Sripan

    (Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

Abstract

Internalized stigma and depression are among the most common mental health problems in people living with HIV (PLHIV). This study aimed to examine the association between depression and overall internalized stigma, as well as different aspects of internalized stigma in PLHIV. The study included 400 PLHIV receiving care in Bangkok and Chiang Mai, Thailand. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation coefficients. The results indicated the PLHIV with mild depression had lower median scores for the social relationship internalized stigma subscale than PLHIV with major depressive disorder ( p = 0.009). Total HIV internalized stigma scores were significantly correlated with PHQ-9 scores in the mild depression group (r = 0.327, p = 0.004). Depression and internalized stigma were prevalent and associated, especially in the area of social relationships. Health personnel should be aware of possible depression in PLHIV who have internalized stigma. Intervention to promote understanding and social support for PLHIV is warranted.

Suggested Citation

  • Darawan Thapinta & Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai & Penpaktr Uthis & Sunisa Suktrakul & Rangsima Wiwatwongnawa & Arunrat Tangmunkongvorakul & Saranya Wannachaiyakul & Patumrat Sripan, 2022. "Association between Internalized Stigma and Depression among People Living with HIV in Thailand," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-9, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4471-:d:789166
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bach Xuan Tran & Roger C. M. Ho & Cyrus S. H. Ho & Carl A. Latkin & Hai Thanh Phan & Giang Hai Ha & Giang Thu Vu & Jiangbo Ying & Melvyn W. B. Zhang, 2019. "Depression among Patients with HIV/AIDS: Research Development and Effective Interventions (GAP RESEARCH )," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-15, May.
    2. Nelsensius Klau Fauk & Karen Hawke & Lillian Mwanri & Paul Russell Ward, 2021. "Stigma and Discrimination towards People Living with HIV in the Context of Families, Communities, and Healthcare Settings: A Qualitative Study in Indonesia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-17, May.
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