IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i6p3520-d772477.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Medical Students’ Online Learning Perceptions, Online Learning Readiness, and Learning Outcomes during COVID-19: The Moderating Role of Teacher’s Readiness to Teach Online

Author

Listed:
  • Muddassar Sarfraz

    (College of International Students, Wuxi University, Wuxi 214105, China)

  • Ghulam Hussain

    (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Shahid

    (Postgraduate Medical Institute, Ameer-ud-Din Medical College, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Amir Riaz

    (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Muavia

    (Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Yahya Saleem Fahed

    (Department of Pathology, Government Said Mitha Teaching Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Faiza Azam

    (Department of Pathology, Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Mohammad Tallal Abdullah

    (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Continental Medical College, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

Abstract

This study determined the direct and indirect effects of medical students’ online learning perceptions on learning outcomes via their readiness for online learning. It also determined the moderating effect of teachers’ online teaching readiness on medical students’ online learning perceptions and learning outcomes. We apply the theoretical lens of self-determination theory and constructivist theory to formulate hypotheses. We used self-administered and postal survey methods to collect data from fourth and fifth-year medical students on online learning perceptions, readiness for online learning, and learning outcomes in two waves. We also collected data from the teachers about their perceptions of online teaching readiness. We received 517 usable students’ responses (Level-1) and 88 usable teachers’ responses (Level-2). We tested Level-1 hypotheses about direct and indirect effects in Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS), and a Level-2 hypothesis about moderating effect was tested using Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). The results for the Level-1 hypotheses supported the positive effects of students’ online learning perceptions and readiness for online learning on learning outcomes. Student readiness for online learning significantly mediated the relationship between online learning perceptions and learning outcomes. HLM results also supported a moderating effect of teachers’ online teaching readiness on medical students’ online learning perceptions and learning outcomes in such a way that learning outcomes were high when students’ online learning perceptions and teachers’ online teaching readiness were high. Based on the study’s findings, we offer contributions to theory and practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Muddassar Sarfraz & Ghulam Hussain & Muhammad Shahid & Amir Riaz & Muhammad Muavia & Yahya Saleem Fahed & Faiza Azam & Mohammad Tallal Abdullah, 2022. "Medical Students’ Online Learning Perceptions, Online Learning Readiness, and Learning Outcomes during COVID-19: The Moderating Role of Teacher’s Readiness to Teach Online," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3520-:d:772477
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/6/3520/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/6/3520/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jie Lou & Yulin Fang & Kai H. Lim & Jerry Zeyu Peng, 2013. "Contributing high quantity and quality knowledge to online Q&A communities," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 64(2), pages 356-371, February.
    2. Jie Lou & Yulin Fang & Kai H. Lim & Jerry Zeyu Peng, 2013. "Contributing high quantity and quality knowledge to online Q&A communities," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 64(2), pages 356-371, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Collins Opoku Antwi & Michelle Allyshia Belle & Seth Yeboah Ntim & Yuanchun Wu & Emmanuel Affum-Osei & Michael Osei Aboagye & Jun Ren, 2022. "COVID-19 Pandemic and International Students’ Mental Health in China: Age, Gender, Chronic Health Condition and Having Infected Relative as Risk Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Mohd Shafie Rosli & Nor Shela Saleh & Azlah Md. Ali & Suaibah Abu Bakar, 2022. "Self-Determination Theory and Online Learning in University: Advancements, Future Direction and Research Gaps," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-21, November.
    3. Saeid Asgharzadehbonab & Arif Akkeleş & Hasan Ozder, 2022. "Students’ Academic Performance and Perceptions towards Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Large Public University in Northern Cyprus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Nóra Gombkötő & Iveta Štempeľová & Ondrej Takáč, 2024. "Evaluating Sustainable Online Education: A Cross-Disciplinary Analysis of IT Device Utilization among Slovakian and Hungarian University Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-28, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jing Wang & Gen Li & Kai-Lung Hui, 2022. "Monetary Incentives and Knowledge Spillover: Evidence from a Natural Experiment," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(5), pages 3549-3572, May.
    2. Shan, Wei & Qiao, Tong & Zhang, Mingli, 2020. "Getting more resources for better performance: The effect of user-owned resources on the value of user-generated content," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    3. Yuan Jin & Ho Cheung Brian Lee & Sulin Ba & Jan Stallaert, 2021. "Winning by Learning? Effect of Knowledge Sharing in Crowdsourcing Contests," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 32(3), pages 836-859, September.
    4. Xiaozhe Yang & Pei-Yu Cheng & Yueh-Min Huang, 2021. "Understanding Teacher Learning Through Teacher-Created Knowledge Products and Transactions," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, August.
    5. Wang, Changyu & Zuo, Meiyun & An, Xiaomi, 2017. "Differential influences of perceived organizational factors on younger employees’ participation in offline and online intergenerational knowledge transfer," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 650-663.
    6. Chih-Hung Peng & Dezhi Yin & Han Zhang, 2020. "More than Words in Medical Question-and-Answer Sites: A Content-Context Congruence Perspective," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 31(3), pages 913-928, September.
    7. Wang, Nan & Sun, Yongqiang & Shen, Xiao-Liang & Zhang, Xi, 2018. "A value-justice model of knowledge integration in wikis: The moderating role of knowledge equivocality," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 64-75.
    8. Warut Khern-am-nuai & Hossein Ghasemkhani & Dandan Qiao & Karthik Kannan, 2024. "The Impact of Online Q&As on Product Sales: The Case of Amazon Answer," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 35(2), pages 747-765, June.
    9. Suhada, Thontowi A. & Ford, Jerad A. & Verreynne, Martie-Louise & Indulska, Marta, 2021. "Motivating individuals to contribute to firms’ non-pecuniary open innovation goals," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    10. Minhyung Kang, 2022. "Motivational affordances and survival of new askers on social Q&A sites: The case of Stack Exchange network," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 73(1), pages 90-103, January.
    11. Xuhui Wang & Shengtai Zhang & Luyi Qiu & Guoquan Zhang & Na Liu, 2024. "What Factors Influence Users’ Willingness to Share Knowledge in Online Groups and How?," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3520-:d:772477. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.