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COVID-19-Vaccination-Induced Myocarditis in Teenagers: Case Series with Further Follow-Up

Author

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  • Mateusz Puchalski

    (Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Halszka Kamińska

    (Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Marta Bartoszek

    (Department of Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Michał Brzewski

    (Department of Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Bożena Werner

    (Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

Presently, the whole globe is struggling the tough challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination remains the most effective and safe COVID-19 weapon for adults and in the paediatric population. Aside from possible mild and moderate post-vaccination side effects, more severe side effects may occur. We retrospectively analysed a group of 5 teenagers aged from 15 to 17 years with obesity/overweight (BMI ranging from 24.8 to 30) who presented typical myocarditis symptoms following the first or second dose (3 and 2 patients, respectively) of the COVID-19 vaccine. In the whole study group, a significant increase in troponin serum concentration was observed (1674–37,279.6 ng/L) with a further quick reduction within 3–4 days. In all patients, ST segments elevation or depression with repolarisation time abnormalities in electrocardiography were noticed. Chest X-ray results were within normal limits. Echocardiography showed normal left ventricular diameter (47–56.2 mm) with ejection fraction between 61–72%. All patients were diagnosed with myocarditis based on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. During further hospitalisation, swift clinical improvement was notable. Follow-up in the whole study group was obtained after 106–134 days from initial CMR, revealing no myocarditis symptoms, proper troponin level, and no ECG or echocardiographic abnormalities. At the same time, persistent myocardium injury features were detected in the whole study group, including ongoing myocarditis. COVID-19-vaccine-induced myocarditis seems to be a mild disease with fast clinical recovery, but the complete resolution of the inflammatory process may last over 3 months. Further follow-up and investigation for assessing subsequent implications and long-term COVID-19-vaccine-induced myocarditis is required.

Suggested Citation

  • Mateusz Puchalski & Halszka Kamińska & Marta Bartoszek & Michał Brzewski & Bożena Werner, 2022. "COVID-19-Vaccination-Induced Myocarditis in Teenagers: Case Series with Further Follow-Up," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-8, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3456-:d:771375
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Abdur Rauf & Tareq Abu-Izneid & Ahmed Olatunde & Anees Ahmed Khalil & Fahad A. Alhumaydhi & Tabussam Tufail & Mohammad Ali Shariati & Maksim Rebezov & Zainab M. Almarhoon & Yahia N. Mabkhot & Abdulrhm, 2020. "COVID-19 Pandemic: Epidemiology, Etiology, Conventional and Non-Conventional Therapies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-32, November.
    2. Miguel Junior Sordi Bortolini & Bernardo Petriz & José Roberto Mineo & Rafael de Oliveira Resende, 2022. "Why Physical Activity Should Be Considered in Clinical Trials for COVID-19 Vaccines: A Focus on Risk Groups," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-10, February.
    3. Iqra Mehmood & Munazza Ijaz & Sajjad Ahmad & Temoor Ahmed & Amna Bari & Asma Abro & Khaled S. Allemailem & Ahmad Almatroudi & Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar, 2021. "SARS-CoV-2: An Update on Genomics, Risk Assessment, Potential Therapeutics and Vaccine Development," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-23, February.
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