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Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations

Author

Listed:
  • Claradina Soto

    (Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA)

  • Amy E. West

    (Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA)

  • Guadalupe G. Ramos

    (Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA)

  • Jennifer B. Unger

    (Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA)

Abstract

Objective: This paper examines substance and behavioral addictions among American Indian and Alaska Natives (AIAN) to identify the structural and psychosocial risk and cultural protective factors that are associated with substance use and behavioral addictions. Methods: Five databases were used to search for peer reviewed articles through December 2021 that examined substance and behavioral addictions among AIANs. Results: The literature search identified 69 articles. Numerous risk factors (i.e., life stressors, severe trauma, family history of alcohol use) and protective factors (i.e., ethnic identity, family support) influence multiple substance (i.e., commercial tobacco, alcohol, opioid, stimulants) and behavioral (e.g., gambling) addictions. Conclusions: There is a dearth of research on behavioral addictions among AIANs. Unique risk factors in AIAN communities such as historical trauma and socioeconomic challenges have interfered with traditional cultural resilience factors and have increased the risk of behavioral addictions. Future research on resilience factors and effective prevention and treatment interventions could help AIANs avoid behavioral addictions.

Suggested Citation

  • Claradina Soto & Amy E. West & Guadalupe G. Ramos & Jennifer B. Unger, 2022. "Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:5:p:2974-:d:763564
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Castor, M.L. & Smyser, M.S. & Taualii, M.M. & Park, A.N. & Lawson, S.A. & Forquera, R.A., 2006. "A nationwide population-based study identifying health disparities between American Indians/Alaska Natives and the general populations living in select urban counties," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(8), pages 1478-1484.
    2. Evans, E. & Spear, S.E. & Huang, Y.-C. & Hser, Y.-I., 2006. "Outcomes of drug and alcohol treatment programs among American Indians in California," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(5), pages 889-896.
    3. Zuckerman, S. & Haley, J. & Roubideaux, Y. & Lillie-Blanton, M., 2004. "Health Service Access, Use, and Insurance Coverage among American Indians/Alaska Natives and Whites: What Role Does the Indian Health Service Play?," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(1), pages 53-59.
    4. Westermeyer, J. & Canive, J. & Garrard, J. & Thuras, P. & Thompson, J., 2005. "Lifetime prevalence of pathological gambling among American Indian and Hispanic American veterans," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(5), pages 860-866.
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    Cited by:

    1. Steve Sussman & Deborah Louise Sinclair, 2022. "Substance and Behavioral Addictions, and Their Consequences among Vulnerable Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-5, May.

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