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Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: A Network Analysis

Author

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  • Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero

    (Department of Educational Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logrono, Spain)

  • Susana Al-Halabí

    (Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain)

  • Alicia Pérez-Albéniz

    (Department of Educational Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logrono, Spain)

  • Martin Debbané

    (Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
    Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK)

Abstract

Given that death by suicide continues to rank among the top three causes of death during adolescence, new psychological models may contribute critical insight towards understanding the complex interactions between risk and protective factors in suicidal behaviour. The main objective of this study was to analyse the psychological network structure of suicidal behaviour and putative risk and protective factors in school-aged adolescents. Methods: Stratified random cluster sampling was performed. The final sample comprised 1790 students (53.7% female, M = 15.7 years, SD = 1.26). Instruments were administered to assess suicidal behaviour, emotional and behavioural difficulties, prosocial behaviour, subjective well-being, self-esteem, depressive symptomatology, academic performance, socio-economic status, school engagement, bullying, and cyberbullying. Results: In the estimated psychological network, the node with the highest strength was depressive symptomatology, and that with the highest expected influence value was bullying. Suicidal behaviour was positively connected to symptoms of depression and behavioural problems. In addition, suicidal behaviour was negatively connected to self-esteem and personal well-being. The results of the stability analysis indicated that the network was accurately estimated. Conclusions: Suicidal behaviour can be conceptualised as a dynamic, complex system of cognitive, emotional, and affective characteristics. New psychological models allow us to analyse and understand human behaviour from a new perspective, suggesting new forms of conceptualisation, evaluation, intervention, and prevention.

Suggested Citation

  • Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero & Susana Al-Halabí & Alicia Pérez-Albéniz & Martin Debbané, 2022. "Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: A Network Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1784-:d:742265
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Javier Ortuño-Sierra & Rebeca Aritio-Solana & Félix Inchausti & Edurne Chocarro de Luis & Beatriz Lucas Molina & Alicia Pérez de Albéniz & Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero, 2017. "Screening for depressive symptoms in adolescents at school: New validity evidences on the short form of the Reynolds Depression Scale," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-11, February.
    2. Sacha Epskamp & Joost Kruis & Maarten Marsman, 2017. "Estimating psychopathological networks: Be careful what you wish for," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-13, June.
    3. William Boyce & Torbjorn Torsheim & Candace Currie & Alessio Zambon, 2006. "The Family Affluence Scale as a Measure of National Wealth: Validation of an Adolescent Self-Report Measure," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 78(3), pages 473-487, September.
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    1. Md Irteja Islam & Lisa Sharwood & Verity Chadwick & Tuguy Esgin & Alexandra Martiniuk, 2022. "Protective Factors against Self-Harm and Suicidality among Australian Indigenous Adolescents: A Strengths-Based Analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-17, July.
    2. Dalila Eslava & Carmela Martínez-Vispo & Víctor J. Villanueva-Blasco & José M. Errasti & Susana Al-Halabí, 2023. "Family Conflict and Suicidal Behaviour in Adolescence: The Mediating Role of the Assertive Interpersonal Schema," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-10, March.

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