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The Contribution of Frailty to Participation of Older Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Debbie Rand

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel)

  • Shelley A. Sternberg

    (Division of Geriatrics, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Modiin 7178051, Israel)

  • Reut Gasner Winograd

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
    Ateret Rimonim Nursing Center, Bnei-Brak 5137705, Israel)

  • Zvi Buckman

    (Home Care Department, Maccabi Health Care Services, Rishon L’Zion 7526602, Israel)

  • Netta Bentur

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel)

Abstract

Background: Participation, which is involvement in life situations, is an important indicator of human health and well-being of older adults. Frailty is known to be related to difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL) but the association with participation restriction has not been sufficiently researched. Therefore, we aimed to (1) to assess the correlations between frailty, ADL, and participation; and (2) to identify the contribution of frailty to explaining the participation restriction of older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study included home visits to community-dwelling older adults aged 75 and older. The Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNL-I) assessed participation, PRISMA-7 assessed frailty, and the Functional Independence Measure and IADL questionnaire assessed the basic and instrumental ADL. Cognition, which may explain participation, was also assessed (The Montreal Cognitive Assessment) and demographic information was collected. Results: Older adults (N = 121, 60 women), aged 75 to 91 years (mean (SD)—79.6 (3.1)), were included. Older adults demonstrated full to restricted participation (RNL-I-mean (SD)—78.2 (18.0)/100). Frailty was identified in 39 (32%) older adults (mean (SD) PRISMA-7—2.9 (1.4)/7points). A negative moderate significant correlation was found between participation and frailty (r = −0.634, p < 0.001). The variance of participation was significantly explained by frailty, 31.5%, and basic ADL, 5.6% (after controlling for age and cognition); the total model explained 44.6% (F = 23.29, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Frailty is significantly associated with participation restriction. Since participation has many health benefits, understanding which factors are associated to participation is central to developing interventions for older adults. These findings may help health professionals in the future develop interventions for maintaining and promoting the participation of older adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Debbie Rand & Shelley A. Sternberg & Reut Gasner Winograd & Zvi Buckman & Netta Bentur, 2022. "The Contribution of Frailty to Participation of Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-9, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1616-:d:739136
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rónán O’Caoimh & Maria Costello & Cliona Small & Lynn Spooner & Antoinette Flannery & Liam O’Reilly & Laura Heffernan & Edel Mannion & Anna Maughan & Alma Joyce & D. William Molloy & John O’Donnell, 2019. "Comparison of Frailty Screening Instruments in the Emergency Department," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Dana Anaby & William Miller & Janice Eng & Tal Jarus & Luc Noreau, 2011. "Participation and well-Being Among Older Adults Living with Chronic Conditions," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 100(1), pages 171-183, January.
    3. Yunkyung Jung & Tara L. Gruenewald & Teresa E. Seeman & Catherine A. Sarkisian, 2010. "Productive Activities and Development of Frailty in Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 65(2), pages 256-261.
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    1. Maria Gabriella Melchiorre & Barbara D’Amen & Sabrina Quattrini & Giovanni Lamura & Marco Socci, 2022. "Caring for Frail Older People Living Alone in Italy: Future Housing Solutions and Responsibilities of Family and Public Services, a Qualitative Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-29, June.

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