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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Junior High School Students in Guadalajara, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Author

Listed:
  • Manuel Maciel-Saldierna

    (Secundaria 56 Mixta “Juana de Asbaje”, Guadalajara 44200, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Emmanuel Elizondo-Hernández

    (Secundaria 56 Mixta “Juana de Asbaje”, Guadalajara 44200, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Gabino Cervantes-Guevara

    (Departamento de Bienestar y Desarrollo Sustentable, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán 46200, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Enrique Cervantes-Pérez

    (Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona

    (Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, México)

  • Bertha Georgina Guzmán-Ramírez

    (Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Jonathan Matías Chejfec-Ciociano

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Mario Jesús Guzmán-Ruvalcaba

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Luis Rodrigo Cifuentes-Andrade

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Andrea Estefanía Cueto-Valadez

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Tania Abigail Cueto-Valadez

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Silvia Alejandra Ibarra-Camargo

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Mel Paul Mellado-Tellez

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

  • Alejandro González-Ojeda

    (Unidad de Investigación Médica 02, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44349, Jalisco, Mexico)

Abstract

Confinement and a lack of social interaction are associated with depressive symptoms, low self-esteem, and suicidal thoughts. We report the results of a cross-sectional survey of 1414 junior high school students. The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in Guadalajara, Mexico, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mean scores on the validated Spanish version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were found to be 6.15 ± 5.6 for depression, 5.8 ± 5.2 for anxiety, and 8.08 ± 5.3 for stress. Female students scored higher in all three conditions ( p < 0.001). Students who had relatives infected with COVID-19 showed significantly more anxiety than those who did not ( p < 0.004). Although certain demographic groups are at higher risk of manifesting depression, anxiety, and stress, the student population has also been affected by the global impact of the pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Manuel Maciel-Saldierna & Emmanuel Elizondo-Hernández & Gabino Cervantes-Guevara & Enrique Cervantes-Pérez & Guillermo Alonso Cervantes-Cardona & Bertha Georgina Guzmán-Ramírez & Irma Valeria Brancacc, 2022. "Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Junior High School Students in Guadalajara, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-10, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15463-:d:980518
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    References listed on IDEAS

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