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Life and Leisure Activities following Stroke or Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA): An Observational, Multi-Centre, 6-Month Follow-Up Study

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  • Matthew J. Reeves

    (UCLan Research Centre for Sport, Physical Activity & Performance, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
    Lancashire Institute for Global Health and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK)

  • Clare Thetford

    (Stroke Research Team, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK)

  • Naoimh McMahon

    (Division of Health Research, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK)

  • Denise Forshaw

    (Lancashire Clinical Trials Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK)

  • Chris Brown

    (Lancashire Clinical Trials Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK)

  • Miland Joshi

    (Lancashire Clinical Trials Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK)

  • Caroline Watkins

    (Lancashire Institute for Global Health and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
    Stroke Research Team, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
    Lancashire Clinical Trials Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK)

Abstract

Objective: To examine changes in leisure participation following stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and explore its relationship to modifiable and non-modifiable participant characteristics. Design: An observational study design with self-report questionnaires collected at two time points (baseline and 6-months). Setting: The study was conducted across 21 hospital sites in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Participants: Participants were aged 18+ and had experienced a first or recurrent stroke or TIA and had a post-stroke/TIA modified Rankin score (mRS) of ≤3. Procedure: Research practitioners at each site approached potential participants. Individuals who agreed to participate completed a baseline questionnaire whilst an inpatient or at a first post-stroke/TIA clinic appointment. A follow-up questionnaire was posted to participants with a freepost return envelope. Two questionnaires were developed that collected demographic information, pre-stroke/TIA mRS, social circumstances (e.g., employment situation) and incorporated the shortened Nottingham Leisure Questionnaire (sNLQ). Results: The study recruited eligible participants (N = 3295); 2000 participants returned questionnaires at follow-up. Data showed three participant variables were significant predictors of engagement in leisure activities post-stroke/TIA: age, sex, and deprivation decile. There was an overall decline in the number and variety of leisure activities, with an average loss of 2.2 activities following stroke/TIA. Only one activity, “exercise/fitness” saw an increase in engagement from baseline to follow-up; watching TV remained stable, whilst participation in all other activities reduced between 10% and 40% with an average activity engagement reduction of 22%. Conclusions: Some groups experienced a greater reduction in activities than others—notably older participants, female participants, and those living in a low socioeconomic area. Registration: researchregistry4607. Strengths and limitations of this study: 1. This is the largest-ever study to survey life and leisure activity engagement following stroke/TIA. 2. Survey responses were self-reported retrospectively and, therefore, may have been misreported, or misremembered. 3. Despite the large cohort, there were few participants, and so respondents, from ethnic minority groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthew J. Reeves & Clare Thetford & Naoimh McMahon & Denise Forshaw & Chris Brown & Miland Joshi & Caroline Watkins, 2022. "Life and Leisure Activities following Stroke or Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA): An Observational, Multi-Centre, 6-Month Follow-Up Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:13848-:d:952253
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Neda Agahi & Kozma Ahacic & Marti G. Parker, 2006. "Continuity of Leisure Participation From Middle Age to Old Age," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 61(6), pages 340-346.
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    1. Joanna Harrison & Clare Thetford & Matthew J. Reeves & Christopher Brown & Miland Joshi & Caroline Watkins, 2022. "Returning to Leisure Activity Post-Stroke: Barriers and Facilitators to Engagement," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-17, November.

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