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Differences in the Perceived Likelihood of Receiving COVID-19 Vaccine

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  • David Adzrago

    (Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Saanie Sulley

    (National Healthy Start Association, Washington, DC 20005, USA)

  • Cameron K. Ormiston

    (Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

  • Lohuwa Mamudu

    (Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA)

  • Faustine Williams

    (Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA)

Abstract

There are limited studies on the perceived likelihood of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine among the general US population and its subpopulations. We examined the association between the perceived likelihood of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine with the self-reported likelihood of contracting COVID-19, social-distancing stress, COVID-19 diagnosis status, mental health disorders, and sociodemographic characteristics. The data were collected using a national cross-sectional survey (N = 5404) between 13 May 2021 and 9 January 2022. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Setting: United States. Participants: Adults aged ≥ 18 years. The majority of US adults (67.34%) indicated they intended to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. There was a decreased perceived likelihood of getting vaccinated associated with those aged 18–49 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 0.29–59; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.20–0.85); with a less than college education (AOR = 0.37–58; 95% CI = 0.28–0.68); with no health insurance (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.40, 0.58); with no perceived likelihood of contracting COVID-19 (AOR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.68, 0.89); and with anxiety/depression (AOR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.59, 0.76). Black/African Americans had a lower perceived likelihood of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine (AOR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.71, 0.98), while Asians (AOR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.35, 2.74) and Hispanics/Latinos (AOR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.74) had a higher perceived likelihood compared with Whites. Individuals reporting social distancing as stressful (AOR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.45) were associated with an increased perceive likelihood of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine. Our study showed that younger adults, Black/African Americans, and those with a less than college education, no health insurance, or anxiety/depression may be less likely to receive vaccination. Future research should examine the explanatory mechanisms contributing to the lower perceived likelihood of vaccination among these groups, such as barriers to vaccine education or vaccine access. Public health interventions should prioritize these populations to improve vaccination rates.

Suggested Citation

  • David Adzrago & Saanie Sulley & Cameron K. Ormiston & Lohuwa Mamudu & Faustine Williams, 2022. "Differences in the Perceived Likelihood of Receiving COVID-19 Vaccine," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:13723-:d:950221
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yoshihiko Kadoya & Somtip Watanapongvanich & Pattaphol Yuktadatta & Pongpat Putthinun & Stella T. Lartey & Mostafa Saidur Rahim Khan, 2021. "Willing or Hesitant? A Socioeconomic Study on the Potential Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-18, May.
    2. Hengchen Dai & Silvia Saccardo & Maria A. Han & Lily Roh & Naveen Raja & Sitaram Vangala & Hardikkumar Modi & Shital Pandya & Michael Sloyan & Daniel M. Croymans, 2021. "Behavioural nudges increase COVID-19 vaccinations," Nature, Nature, vol. 597(7876), pages 404-409, September.
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