IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i1p475-d716211.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Economic Burden and Determinant Factors of Parents/Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Malaysia: A Mixed Methods Study

Author

Listed:
  • Aniza Ismail

    (Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

  • Ruhana Sk Abd Razak

    (Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia)

  • Leny Suzana Suddin

    (Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia)

  • Aidalina Mahmud

    (Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia)

  • Sazlina Kamaralzaman

    (Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia)

  • Ghazali Yusri

    (Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia)

Abstract

The economic burden is a major concern for parents/caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study used the sequential explanatory mixed-method approach to explorethe economic burden on parents/caregivers with a CP child in Malaysia and the factors associated with the economic burden. The study period spanned April 2020 and December 2020. A total of 106 questionnaire respondents were selected for the quantitative part, and 15 were interviewed to obtain qualitative input. A retrospective costing analysis was conducted based on the cost data obtained from the questionnaire. The majority of the children were GrossMotor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level 5 (71%), quadriplegic (63%), and aged >4 years (90%). The estimated annual median total economic burden on the parents/caregivers per child in 2020 was RM52,540.00 (~USD12,515.03), with indirect cost being the greatest cost (RM28,800.00, ~USD6860.16), followed by developmental cost (RM16,200.00, ~USD3858.84), direct healthcare cost (RM4540.00, ~USD1081.43) and direct non-healthcare cost (RM3000.00, ~USD714.60). The annual household income was identified as a significant determinant factor ( p =0.019, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.40) of the economic burden. The participants’ responses during the in-depth interview in the qualitative part of the study supported the premise that socioeconomic factors play a substantial role in determining the total economic burden. Our findings may aid local policymakers when planning the greater provision of support to the affected families in the future, especially for the parents/caregivers of children with CP, who are facing socioeconomic challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Aniza Ismail & Ruhana Sk Abd Razak & Leny Suzana Suddin & Aidalina Mahmud & Sazlina Kamaralzaman & Ghazali Yusri, 2022. "The Economic Burden and Determinant Factors of Parents/Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Malaysia: A Mixed Methods Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:1:p:475-:d:716211
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/1/475/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/1/475/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Park, Moon Seok & Kim, Se Jin & Chung, Chin Youb & Kwon, Dae Gyu & Choi, In Ho & Lee, Kyoung Min, 2011. "Prevalence and lifetime healthcare cost of cerebral palsy in South Korea," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(2), pages 234-238.
    2. Park, Moon Seok & Kim, Se Jin & Chung, Chin Youb & Kwon, Dae Gyu & Choi, In Ho & Lee, Kyoung Min, 2011. "Prevalence and lifetime healthcare cost of cerebral palsy in South Korea," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(2-3), pages 234-238, May.
    3. Wang, Bin & Chen, Yingyao & Zhang, Jie & Li, Jun & Guo, Yan & Hailey, David, 2008. "A preliminary study into the economic burden of cerebral palsy in China," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 223-234, August.
    4. Kelvin Ying & Hans Van Rostenberghe & Garry Kuan & Mohammad Haris Amirul Mohd Yusoff & Siti Hawa Ali & Nik Soriani Yaacob, 2021. "Health-Related Quality of Life and Family Functioning of Primary Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, February.
    5. Rios, D. & Magasi, S. & Novak, C. & Harniss, M., 2016. "Conducting accessible research: Including people with disabilities in public health, epidemiological, and outcomes studies," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(12), pages 2137-2144.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ahmed Ramadan Shokry Shahat & Giulia Greco, 2021. "The Economic Costs of Childhood Disability: A Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-25, March.
    2. Kuang-Tsu Yang & Chun-Hao Yin & Yao-Min Hung & Shih-Ju Huang & Ching-Chih Lee & Tsu-Jen Kuo, 2020. "Continuity of Care Is Associated with Medical Costs and Inpatient Days in Children with Cerebral Palsy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-15, April.
    3. Hye Jin Nam & Ju Young Yoon, 2021. "Linking Health Literacy to Self-Care in Hypertensive Patients with Physical Disabilities: A Path Analysis Using a Multi-Mediation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-15, March.
    4. Kim D. Anderson, 2023. "Including People with Spinal Cord Injury in Research as Participants, Partners, and Personnel," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(15), pages 1-6, July.
    5. Kunling Shen & Tengbin Xiong & Seng Chuen Tan & Jiuhong Wu, 2016. "Oseltamivir Treatment for Children with Influenza-Like Illness in China: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(4), pages 1-13, April.
    6. Park, Moon Seok & Kim, Se Jin & Chung, Chin Youb & Kwon, Dae Gyu & Choi, In Ho & Lee, Kyoung Min, 2011. "Prevalence and lifetime healthcare cost of cerebral palsy in South Korea," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(2), pages 234-238.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:1:p:475-:d:716211. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.