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Multicomponent Exercise Program to Improve the Immediate Sequelae of COVID-19: A Prospective Study with a Brief Report of 2-Year Follow-Up

Author

Listed:
  • Lidia Martínez Rolando

    (Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
    Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
    Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, 38300 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
    Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, 38300 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain)

  • Jorge Hugo Villafañe

    (IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20141 Milan, Italy)

  • Soledad Cercadillo García

    (Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
    Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, 38300 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
    Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital of Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain)

  • Ana Sanz Argüello

    (Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
    Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, 38300 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
    Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital of Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain)

  • Marta Villanueva Rosa

    (Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
    Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, 38300 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
    Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital of Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain)

  • Eleuterio A. Sánchez Romero

    (Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
    Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
    Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, 38300 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
    Musculoskeletal Pain and Motor Control Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Canarias, 38300 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain)

Abstract

COVID-19 placed teams of professionals in a hostile and unfamiliar environment where the lack of knowledge of its pathology led to the adaptation of programs used so far for other conditions to try to address the immediate sequelae of COVID-19 infection. That is why the aim of this study was to assess the effects of a multicomponent exercise program (MEP) in improving cardio-respiratory performance, health status, disability due to dyspnea, aerobic capacity and endurance, and the immediate sequelae of COVID-19. Thirty-nine patients referred from different hospital services were included in this study. An intervention of seven weeks with sessions twice a week was carried out, where patients underwent intervallic training sessions followed by strengthening exercises and individualized respiratory physiotherapy exercises. The results of this study show a significant improvement in cardio-respiratory performance, health status, disability due to dyspnea, and aerobic capacity and endurance after intervention; and an increase in health status and reduction in disability due to dyspnea at the 2-year follow-up. In addition, none of the patients had any adverse effects either pre-post treatment or at the 2-year follow-up. Individualized and monitored MEP in survivors of COVID-19 showed positive effects in a pre-post evaluation and the 2-year follow up, improving the immediate sequelae of post-COVID-19 patients. This highlights the importance of the professional background of the rehabilitation teams in adapting to an unknown clinical environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Lidia Martínez Rolando & Jorge Hugo Villafañe & Soledad Cercadillo García & Ana Sanz Argüello & Marta Villanueva Rosa & Eleuterio A. Sánchez Romero, 2022. "Multicomponent Exercise Program to Improve the Immediate Sequelae of COVID-19: A Prospective Study with a Brief Report of 2-Year Follow-Up," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12396-:d:928785
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amaya Jimeno-Almazán & Jesús G. Pallarés & Ángel Buendía-Romero & Alejandro Martínez-Cava & Francisco Franco-López & Bernardino J. Sánchez-Alcaraz Martínez & Enrique Bernal-Morel & Javier Courel-Ibáñe, 2021. "Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-16, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Erika Meléndez-Oliva & Eleuterio A. Sánchez-Romero & Eva Segura-Ortí & José-Antonio Gil-Gómez & Xabier A. Soto-Goñi & Emilio J. Poveda-Pagán, 2023. "Effect of a Virtual Reality Exercise on Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial Research Protocol," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-14, February.
    2. Eleuterio A. Sánchez-Romero & Miguel de-Pedro & Josué Fernández-Carnero, 2023. "Editorial to the Special Issue “The Effect of Exercise Intensity and Psychological Intervention on Musculoskeletal Disorders”," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-5, May.

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