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Quo Vadis Nordic Hamstring Exercise-Related Research?—A Scoping Review Revealing the Need for Improved Methodology and Reporting

Author

Listed:
  • Tobias Alt

    (Department of Biomechanics, Performance Analysis and Strength & Conditioning, Olympic Training and Testing Centre Westphalia, 44139 Dortmund, Germany)

  • Jannik Severin

    (Institute of Movement and Neuroscience, German Sport University, 50933 Cologne, Germany)

  • Marcus Schmidt

    (Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, 44227 Dortmund, Germany)

Abstract

The objective of this scoping review is to assess Nordic Hamstring Exercise quality (ANHEQ) of assessments and interventions according to the ANHEQ rating scales and to present practical recommendations for the expedient design and reporting of future studies. A total of 71 Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) assessments and 83 NHE interventions were selected from the data sources PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus. Research studies which were presented in peer-reviewed academic journals and implemented the NHE during laboratory-based assessments or multi-week interventions met the eligibility criteria. NHE assessments analyzed force (51%), muscle activation (41%), knee angle kinematics (38%), and bilateral symmetry (37%). NHE interventions lasted 4–8 weeks (56%) and implied an exercise volume of two sessions per week (66%) with two sets per session (41%) and ≥8 repetitions per set (39%). The total ANHEQ scores of the included NHE assessments and interventions were 5.0 ± 2.0 and 2.0 ± 2.0 (median ± interquartile range), respectively. The largest deficits became apparent for consequences of impaired technique (87% 0-point-scores for assessments) and kneeling height (94% 0-point-scores for interventions). The 0-point-scores were generally higher for interventions compared to assessments for rigid fixation (87% vs. 34%), knee position (83% vs. 48%), kneeling height (94% vs. 63%), and separate familiarization (75% vs. 61%). The single ANHEQ criteria, which received the highest score most frequently, were rigid fixation (66% of assessments) and compliance (33% of interventions). The quality of NHE assessments and interventions was generally ‘below average’ or rather ‘poor’. Both NHE assessments and interventions suffered from imprecise reporting or lacking information regarding NHE execution modalities and subsequent analyses. Based on the findings, this scoping review aggregates practical guidelines how to improve the design and reporting of future NHE-related research.

Suggested Citation

  • Tobias Alt & Jannik Severin & Marcus Schmidt, 2022. "Quo Vadis Nordic Hamstring Exercise-Related Research?—A Scoping Review Revealing the Need for Improved Methodology and Reporting," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11225-:d:908798
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. J. Rossi & S. Vitulli & D. Poncet & P. Edouard & H. Largeron & S. Sangnier, 2020. "Biomechanical analysis of different knee angle starting positions in nordic hamstring exercise: preliminary study," Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(S1), pages 265-267, October.
    2. Nebojša Trajković & Marko Gušić & Slavko Molnar & Draženka Mačak & Dejan M. Madić & Špela Bogataj, 2020. "Short-Term FIFA 11+ Improves Agility and Jump Performance in Young Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-9, March.
    3. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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