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Succession of the Abandoned Rice Fields Restores the Riparian Forest

Author

Listed:
  • Bong Soon Lim

    (Department of Bio & Environmental Technology, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, Korea)

  • Jaewon Seol

    (Department of Bio & Environmental Technology, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, Korea)

  • A Reum Kim

    (Division of Forest Ecology, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Korea)

  • Ji Hong An

    (Department of Bioresources Conservation, Korea National Baekdudaegan Aboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Korea)

  • Chi Hong Lim

    (Division of Ecological Survey Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon 33657, Korea)

  • Chang Seok Lee

    (Department of Bio & Environmental Technology, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 01797, Korea)

Abstract

The vegetation changes in the abandoned rice fields with different abandonment histories were analyzed across the country of South Korea. The successional process was confirmed by changes in vegetation profiles and species composition. The vegetation profile showed the process of starting with grassland, passing through the shrub stage, and turning into a tree-dominated forest. DCA ordination based on vegetation data showed that the process began with grasslands consisting of Persicaria thunbergii , Juncus effusus var. decipiens , Phalaris arundinacea , etc., then partially went through shrubland stages consisting of Salix gracilistyla , S. integra , young Salix koreensis , etc., and ultimately changed to a Salix koreensis dominated forest. In order to study the relationship between the succession process of the abandoned rice paddies and riparian vegetation, information on riparian vegetation was collected in the same watershed as the abandoned rice paddies investigated. Riparian vegetation tended to be distributed in the order of grasslands consisting of Phragmites japonica , Miscanthus sacchariflorus , P. arundinacea , etc., shrubland dominated by Salix gracilistyla , S. integra , etc., and a S. koreensis community dominated forest by reflecting the flooding regime as far away from the waterway. The result of stand ordination based on the riparian vegetation data also reflected the trend. From this result, we confirmed that the temporal sequence of the vegetation change that occurred in the abandoned rice fields resembled the spatial distribution of the riparian vegetation. Consequently, succession of the abandoned rice fields restored the riparian forest, which has almost disappeared in Korea and other Asian countries that use rice as their staple food.

Suggested Citation

  • Bong Soon Lim & Jaewon Seol & A Reum Kim & Ji Hong An & Chi Hong Lim & Chang Seok Lee, 2022. "Succession of the Abandoned Rice Fields Restores the Riparian Forest," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-23, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10416-:d:893949
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chi Hong Lim & Jeong Hoon Pi & A Reum Kim & Hyun Je Cho & Kyu Song Lee & Young Han You & Kye Han Lee & Kee Dae Kim & Jeong Suk Moon & Chang Seok Lee, 2021. "Diagnostic Evaluation and Preparation of the Reference Information for River Restoration in South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-28, February.
    2. Moisés Méndez-Toribio & Cristina Martínez-Garza & Eliane Ceccon, 2021. "Challenges during the execution, results, and monitoring phases of ecological restoration: Learning from a country-wide assessment," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(4), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Cao, Jianjun & Li, Mengtian & Deo, Ravinesh C. & Adamowski, Jan F. & Cerdà, Artemi & Feng, Qi & Liu, Minxia & Zhang, Jian & Zhu, Guofeng & Zhang, Xuebin & Xu, Xueyun & Yang, Shurong & Gong, Yifan, 2018. "Comparison of social-ecological resilience between two grassland management patterns driven by grassland land contract policy in the Maqu, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 88-96.
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