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Evolution and Driving Factors of the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Tourism Efficiency at the Provincial Level in China Based on SBM–DEA Model

Author

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  • Junli Gao

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
    Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 50, Honggui 1st Street, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518000, China)

  • Chaofeng Shao

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China)

  • Sihan Chen

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China)

Abstract

In order to give guidance to improve tourism competitiveness and sustainable development, it is particularly important to identify and analyze the factors and mechanisms that affect efficiency. The SBM–DEA model including undesirable outputs was used to measure the tourism efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2019. Combined with the compound DEA model, the sensitivity of each province to the fluctuation of the input–output index was mined. The exploratory spatial analysis method and fixed effect model were used to analyze the spatial change and driving factors of tourism efficiency. The results show that: (1) the tourism efficiency of each province in China fluctuated from 2006 to 2019, and the average value was raised from 0.12 to 0.71, generally reaching the grade of medium and high efficiency; (2) the spatial difference of tourism efficiency is significant, but there is no obvious spatial correlation; (3) the most important input factors to tourism efficiency are environmental resources, tourism resource inputs and tourism infrastructure construction, and tourism fixed asset investment is redundant. (4) Optimizing the industrial structure, strengthening the introduction of core technology, and continuously promoting the process of urbanization and marketization are important ways to improve the efficiency of tourism.

Suggested Citation

  • Junli Gao & Chaofeng Shao & Sihan Chen, 2022. "Evolution and Driving Factors of the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Tourism Efficiency at the Provincial Level in China Based on SBM–DEA Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10118-:d:889318
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Jun Liu & Ziwei Wang & Changjin Li, 2023. "All-for-One Tourism Demonstration Zones and High-Quality Development of Tourism: Evidence from the Quasi-Natural Experiment in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-19, July.
    2. Huimin Song & Wei Zeng & Jamie M. Chen & Emily Ma, 2024. "COVID-19 Impacts on the Spatial Network of City Tourism in Fujian Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Wen Zhang & Rong Zhang & Yuntao Zou, 2024. "Urbanization and Cultural Industry Correlation: An Empirical Analysis from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-27, August.
    4. Jiayao Li & Rong Zhang & Yuntao Zou, 2024. "Analyzing the Shift in China’s Cultural Industries: From Economic Growth to Social Enrichment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-21, May.

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