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A Pilot Study on the Association of Lead, 8-Hydroxyguanine, and Malondialdehyde Levels in Opium Addicts’ Blood Serum with Illicit Drug Use and Non-Addict Persons

Author

Listed:
  • Farzaneh Allahdinian Hesaruiyeh

    (Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza P.O. Box 311-86145, Iran
    Clinical Core Laboratory, Ali ibn Abi Talib Hospital Complex, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran)

  • Saeed Rajabi

    (Student Research Committee, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45794, Iran)

  • Mohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi

    (Nursing School, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa 74616-86688, Iran)

  • Mohammad Sarhadi

    (Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran)

  • Michelle L. Bell

    (School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA)

  • Razieh Khaksefidi

    (Student Research Committee, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45794, Iran
    Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran)

  • Somayeh Sarhadi

    (Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan 15847-43311, Iran)

  • Leili Mohammadi

    (Environmental Health, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 98167-43463, Iran)

  • Kamal Dua

    (Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
    Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) & School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
    Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia)

  • Amin Mohammadpour

    (Student Research Committee, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45794, Iran)

  • Paolo Martelletti

    (Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

While a large body of literature has shown the health problems of illicit drug use, research is needed on how substance abuse impacts DNA damage and contaminants in blood, especially given Pb-contaminated opium. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the levels of lead (Pb), 8-hydroxy di-guanine (8-oxo-Gua), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood serum of opium addicts and non-addict people. The current study is a case–control study with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 50 opium-addicted and non-addict adults were chosen for this study using convenience and random sampling methods. Participants were divided into two groups: addicts and non-addicts. The atomic absorption spectroscopy method was used to measure the quantity of Pb, and the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method was used to measure the amount of 8-oxo-Gua and MDA. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test. The results show that the amount of Pb in the blood serum of addicted women and men was higher than levels in non-addict men and women, for the study participants ( p -value = 0.001). Blood levels were not significantly different between addicts and non-addicts for men or women for 8-oxo-Gua ( p -value = 0.647 for women and p -value = 0.785 for men) and MDA ( p -value = 0.867 for women and p -value = 0.995 for men). In general, addicts’ blood Pb levels were found to be substantially higher than those of normal non-addict persons in this pilot study. As a result, testing for blood Pb levels in addicts may be informative in instances when symptoms are inconclusive.

Suggested Citation

  • Farzaneh Allahdinian Hesaruiyeh & Saeed Rajabi & Mohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi & Mohammad Sarhadi & Michelle L. Bell & Razieh Khaksefidi & Somayeh Sarhadi & Leili Mohammadi & Kamal Dua & Amin Mohammadpour, 2022. "A Pilot Study on the Association of Lead, 8-Hydroxyguanine, and Malondialdehyde Levels in Opium Addicts’ Blood Serum with Illicit Drug Use and Non-Addict Persons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-11, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:9110-:d:872108
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Athanasios Valavanidis & Thomais Vlachogianni & Konstantinos Fiotakis, 2009. "Tobacco Smoke: Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Stable Free Radicals in Mechanisms of Oxidative Damage, Carcinogenesis and Synergistic Effects with Other Respirable Particles," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-18, February.
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