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Challenges and Priorities of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Cambodia

Author

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  • Dek Vimean Pheakdey

    (Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
    Department of Hazardous Substance Management, Ministry of Environment, Phnom Penh 120101, Cambodia)

  • Nguyen Van Quan

    (Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan)

  • Tran Dang Khanh

    (Agricultural Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong Street, Hanoi 122000, Vietnam
    Center for Agricultural Innovation, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam)

  • Tran Dang Xuan

    (Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
    Center for the Planetary Health and Innovation Science (PHIS), The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan)

Abstract

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is one of the utmost challenges for Cambodia’s city and district centers. The unsound management of MSW has detrimentally affected the environment and human health. In the present study, an attempt has been made to provide a comprehensive insight into the generation and characteristics, policies and legislation frameworks, management arrangement, collection, treatment, and disposal of MSW. The experience of developed and developing countries and the challenges and priorities of MSW management in Cambodia are also highlighted. In Cambodia, about 4.78 million tons of MSW were generated in 2020, with a 0.78 kg/capita/day generation rate. Only 86% of cities and districts have access to MSW collection services. The current practice of MSW management is reliance on landfill (44%). There are 164 landfills operating countrywide, receiving about 5749 tons of MSW per day. Recycling, incineration, and composting share 4%, 4%, and 2% of MSW generation, respectively. In 2021, the total revenue that was recovered from recyclables was USD 56M. The study concludes several major challenges and proposes valuable suggestions, which may be beneficial for the improvement of the current system to support the sustainable management of MSW in Cambodia.

Suggested Citation

  • Dek Vimean Pheakdey & Nguyen Van Quan & Tran Dang Khanh & Tran Dang Xuan, 2022. "Challenges and Priorities of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Cambodia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-27, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:14:p:8458-:d:859990
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Puthearath Chan, 2024. "Cambodian Green Economy Transition: Background, Progress, and SWOT Analysis," World, MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-40, June.
    3. Kohei Hibino & Chochoe Devaporihartakula & Phalla Sam & Rithy Uch & Bophaphal Sean & John Chek & Sophalin Sen & Premakumara Jagath Dickella Gamaralalage & Yasuhiko Hotta, 2024. "Exploring Municipal Solid Waste Dynamics in Rural Cambodia: Insights from Three Underrepresented Cities," Waste, MDPI, vol. 2(3), pages 1-14, July.
    4. Giovanni Gadaleta & Michele Notarnicola & Sabino De Gisi, 2023. "The Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste in Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam: An Environmental and Technological Analysis of Current and Future Scenarios," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-20, December.
    5. Stephen Mandiza Kalisha & Kondwani Godwin Munthali, 2024. "Multi-Factor GIS Modeling for Solid Waste Dumpsite Selection in Lilongwe, Malawi," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-17, January.
    6. Anupong Muttaraid & Sirintornthep Towprayoon & Chart Chiemchaisri & Thapat Silalertruksa & Komsilp Wangyao, 2024. "Enhanced Landfill Mining in Thailand: Policy Implications from Qualitative Case Study Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-16, December.
    7. Yunisa Zahrah & Jeongsoo Yu & Xiaoyue Liu, 2024. "How Indonesia’s Cities Are Grappling with Plastic Waste: An Integrated Approach towards Sustainable Plastic Waste Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-32, May.
    8. Asif Iqbal & Abdullah Yasar & Abdul-Sattar Nizami & Rafia Haider & Faiza Sharif & Imran Ali Sultan & Amtul Bari Tabinda & Aman Anwer Kedwaii & Muhammad Murtaza Chaudhary, 2022. "Municipal Solid Waste Collection and Haulage Modeling Design for Lahore, Pakistan: Transition toward Sustainability and Circular Economy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-39, December.

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