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Evaluation of Vulnerability Status of the Infection Risk to COVID-19 Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA): A Case Study of Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia

Author

Listed:
  • Hizkel Asfaw

    (Department of Geomatics Engineering, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama P.O. Box 1888, Ethiopia)

  • Shankar Karuppannan

    (Department of Applied Geology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama P.O. Box 1888, Ethiopia)

  • Tilahun Erduno

    (Department of Geomatics Engineering, School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama P.O. Box 1888, Ethiopia)

  • Hussein Almohamad

    (Department of Geography, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Burayda 51452, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Geography, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany)

  • Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi

    (Department of Geography, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Burayda 51452, Saudi Arabia)

  • Motrih Al-Mutiry

    (Department of Geography, College of Arts, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia)

  • Hazem Ghassan Abdo

    (Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Tartous, Tartous P.O. Box 2147, Syria
    Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Damascus, Damascus P.O. Box 30621, Syria
    Geography Department, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Tishreen, Lattakia P.O. Box 2237, Syria)

Abstract

COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 and is an accidental global public health threat. Because of this, WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. The pandemic is spreading unprecedently in Addis Ababa, which results in extraordinary logistical and management challenges in response to the novel coronavirus in the city. Thus, management strategies and resource allocation need to be vulnerability-oriented. Though various studies have been carried out on COVID-19, only a few studies have been conducted on vulnerability from a geospatial/location-based perspective but at a wider spatial resolution. This puts the results of those studies under question while their findings are projected to the finer spatial resolution. To overcome such problems, the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) has been developed as a framework to evaluate and map the susceptibility status of the infection risk to COVID-19. To achieve the objective of the study, data like land use, population density, and distance from roads, hospitals, bus stations, the bank, markets, COVID-19 cases, health care units, and government offices are used. The weighted overlay method was used; to evaluate and map the susceptibility status of the infection risk to COVID-19. The result revealed that out of the total study area, 32.62% (169.91 km 2 ) falls under the low vulnerable category (1), and the area covering 40.9% (213.04 km 2 ) under the moderate vulnerable class (2) for infection risk of COVID-19. The highly vulnerable category (3) covers an area of 25.31% (132.85 km 2 ), and the remaining 1.17% (6.12 km 2 ) is under an extremely high vulnerable class (4). Thus, these priority areas could address pandemic control mechanisms like disinfection regularly. Health sector professionals, local authorities, the scientific community, and the general public will benefit from the study as a tool to better understand pandemic transmission centers and identify areas where more protective measures and response actions are needed at a finer spatial resolution.

Suggested Citation

  • Hizkel Asfaw & Shankar Karuppannan & Tilahun Erduno & Hussein Almohamad & Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi & Motrih Al-Mutiry & Hazem Ghassan Abdo, 2022. "Evaluation of Vulnerability Status of the Infection Risk to COVID-19 Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA): A Case Study of Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-17, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:7811-:d:847853
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Prasanna Mohan Viswanathan & Chidambaram Sabarathinam & Shankar Karuppannan & Gnanachandrasamy Gopalakrishnan, 2022. "Determination of vulnerable regions of SARS-CoV-2 in Malaysia using meteorology and air quality data," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(6), pages 8856-8882, June.
    2. Zhichao Chen & Tao Chen & Zhuohua Qu & Zaili Yang & Xuewei Ji & Yi Zhou & Hui Zhang, 2018. "Use of evidential reasoning and AHP to assess regional industrial safety," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(5), pages 1-21, May.
    3. Baye, Kaleab, 2020. "COVID-19 prevention measures in Ethiopia: Current realities and prospects," ESSP working papers 142, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
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