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Associations between Park and Playground Availability and Proximity and Children’s Physical Activity and Body Mass Index: The BEACH Study

Author

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  • Javier Molina-García

    (Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avda. dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain
    AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Cristina Menescardi

    (Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avda. dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain
    AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Isaac Estevan

    (Department of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Avda. dels Tarongers, 4, 46022 Valencia, Spain
    AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

  • Ana Queralt

    (AFIPS Research Group, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
    Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Jaume Roig, s/n, 46010 Valencia, Spain)

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the relationship between the availability and proximity to parks and playgrounds and physical activity (PA). Moreover, the accessibility to parks and playgrounds and its association with active commuting to/from school (ACS) and body mass index (BMI) were analyzed. The sample was composed of children aged 6–12 years old from the BEACH (Built Environment and Active CHildren) study in Valencia, Spain. The availability and proximity to parks and playgrounds were calculated at different buffer sizes (250, 500, 1000 and 1250 m) using geographical information system data. PA out of school was assessed using accelerometers. Sociodemographics and ACS were measured with a parent questionnaire. Objectively measured weight and height were used to calculate BMI. Mixed linear regression analyses were conducted for each exposure variable, adjusting for sociodemographics, neighborhood walkability level, and participant clustering. The number of parks and playgrounds were positively associated with moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and total PA (TPA); including light PA and MVPA, during weekdays, in different buffer sizes. A negative relationship between distance to the nearest playground and TPA during weekdays was found. In addition, the number of playgrounds was positively related to ACS in different buffer sizes, whereas park land area was negatively related to the BMI percentile. This study highlights the importance of assessing the availability and proximity to parks and playgrounds in children’s neighborhoods when PA behavior and weight status are analyzed. Study findings may help policymakers when targeting interventions to promote health-enhancing behaviors in children.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Molina-García & Cristina Menescardi & Isaac Estevan & Ana Queralt, 2021. "Associations between Park and Playground Availability and Proximity and Children’s Physical Activity and Body Mass Index: The BEACH Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2021:i:1:p:250-:d:711725
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elliott P. Flowers & Anna Timperio & Kylie D. Hesketh & Jenny Veitch, 2019. "Examining the Features of Parks That Children Visit During Three Stages of Childhood," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-10, May.
    2. Amalie Lambert & Janae Vlaar & Susan Herrington & Mariana Brussoni, 2019. "What Is the Relationship between the Neighbourhood Built Environment and Time Spent in Outdoor Play? A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-35, October.
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    1. Nacho Sánchez-Valdivia & Carmen Pérez-del-Pulgar & Jeroen de Bont & Isabelle Anguelovski & Antonio López-Gay & Andrea Pistillo & Margarita Triguero-Mas & Talita Duarte-Salles, 2022. "Residential Proximity to Urban Play Spaces and Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Barcelona, Spain: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-16, October.

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