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Health Promoting Schools in Germany. Mapping the Implementation of Holistic Strategies to Tackle NCDs and Promote Health

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  • Kevin Dadaczynski

    (Department of Nursing and Health Science, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, 36037 Fulda, Germany
    Centre for Applied Health Science, Leuphana University Lueneburg, 21337 Lueneburg, Germany)

  • Thomas Hering

    (Department of Applied Human Sciences, Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences, 39676 Stendal, Germany)

Abstract

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their underlying risk factors are seen as major public health problems that threaten health and welfare systems worldwide. The holistic and resource oriented Health Promoting School (HPS) approach can serve as an appropriate framework for the prevention and control of NCDs. The paper aimed to map the implementation of HPS activities in German schools and to examine associations with potential influencing factors. A series of cross-sectional online studies including five federal states and 5006 school principals (40.2% males, 50.8% females) from primary and secondary public schools was conducted from 2013 to 2018. Principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in two factors of HPS implementation (F1: concrete HPS action, F2: capacity building for HPS). Comparing both factors, a lower implementation level could be identified for HPS capacity building with lowest mean values found for regular teacher training and intersectoral collaboration. Multiple binary regression analyses revealed significant associations between low HPS implementation and male gender (OR: 1.36 to 1.42), younger age (OR: 1.47 to 1.90), secondary school (OR: 1.78 to 3.13) and federal state (Lower Saxony = OR: 1.27 to 1.45; Schleswig-Holstein = OR: 1.95 to 2.46). Moreover, low access to resources, decision-latitude and perceived educational benefits were independently associated with both factors of HPS implementation. Based on the results of this study, there is a need to support schools in their capacity building for health (e.g., regular teacher training, cooperation with local health services). Moreover, considering the core mission of schools, more evidence of the educational impact of health promotion and its translation into the language of education is needed for secondary schools in particular.

Suggested Citation

  • Kevin Dadaczynski & Thomas Hering, 2021. "Health Promoting Schools in Germany. Mapping the Implementation of Holistic Strategies to Tackle NCDs and Promote Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2623-:d:511426
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Leena Paakkari & Minna Torppa & Joanna Mazur & Zuzana Boberova & Gorden Sudeck & Michal Kalman & Olli Paakkari, 2020. "A Comparative Study on Adolescents’ Health Literacy in Europe: Findings from the HBSC Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-12, May.
    2. Eike Quilling & Stefanie Kruse & Maja Kuchler & Janna Leimann & Ulla Walter, 2020. "Models of Intersectoral Cooperation in Municipal Health Promotion and Prevention: Findings from a Scoping Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-11, August.
    3. Albert Lee & Amelia Lo & Queenie Li & Vera Keung & Amy Kwong, 2020. "Health Promoting Schools: An Update," Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, Springer, vol. 18(5), pages 605-623, October.
    4. Kevin Dadaczynski & Katharina Rathmann & Thomas Hering & Orkan Okan, 2020. "The Role of School Leaders’ Health Literacy for the Implementation of Health Promoting Schools," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-16, March.
    5. Kai-Yang Lo & Min-Chen Wu & Shu-Chin Tung & City C. Hsieh & Hsueh-Hua Yao & Chien-Chang Ho, 2017. "Association of School Environment and After-School Physical Activity with Health-Related Physical Fitness among Junior High School Students in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Simona Betschart & Anita Sandmeier & Guri Skedsmo & Tina Hascher & Orkan Okan & Kevin Dadaczynski, 2022. "The Importance of School Leaders’ Attitudes and Health Literacy to the Implementation of a Health-Promoting Schools Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Maria Ramos & Elena Tejera & Elena Cabeza, 2022. "Evaluation of the Health Promoting Schools (CEPS) Program in the Balearic Islands, Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-13, August.

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