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Exploring the Effects of Problematic Internet Use on Adolescent Sleep: A Systematic Review

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  • Ioulia Kokka

    (Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece)

  • Iraklis Mourikis

    (Outpatient Specialty Clinic for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Behavioral Therapy, First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Nicolas C. Nicolaides

    (Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
    First Department of Pediatrics, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15773 Athens, Greece)

  • Christina Darviri

    (Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece)

  • George P. Chrousos

    (Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
    Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
    Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15773 Athens, Greece)

  • Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein

    (Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
    First Department of Pediatrics, Aghia Sophia Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15773 Athens, Greece)

  • Flora Bacopoulou

    (Postgraduate Course on the Science of Stress and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
    Center for Adolescent Medicine and UNESCO Chair on Adolescent Health Care, First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15573 Athens, Greece)

Abstract

Adolescent suse internet via several devices to gather information or communicate. Sleep, as a key factor of adolescents’ development, contributes to their physical and mental health. Over the past decades insufficient sleep among adolescents has been wide spread, and one of its attributing factors is the increased availability of technology. This review aims to investigate the body of evidence regarding the impact of problematic internet use on adolescent sleep. Extensive search of databases was performed according to PRISMA guidelines for studies published within the last decade, regarding subjects aged 10–19. The final step of the search yielded 12 original studies. The quality of extracted data was evaluated with the AXIS tool, in order to estimate the risk of bias. All studies showed a negative correlation between adolescent sleep and problematic internet use. It was found to affect sleep quality and quantity and provoke insomnia symptoms. Interestingly, adolescent’s sex, parental educational level, type of family and use for leisure or academic reasons appeared as affecting factors of the problematic internet use-sleep relationship. Problematic internet use has several effects on adolescents’ sleep. Results of relevant studies should be embedded in educational interventions addressed to adolescents as well as parents, to eliminate the negative outcomes of problematic internet use on sleep and adolescence’s health in general.

Suggested Citation

  • Ioulia Kokka & Iraklis Mourikis & Nicolas C. Nicolaides & Christina Darviri & George P. Chrousos & Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein & Flora Bacopoulou, 2021. "Exploring the Effects of Problematic Internet Use on Adolescent Sleep: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:760-:d:482012
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. So Young Kim & Min-Su Kim & Bumjung Park & Jin-Hwan Kim & Hyo Geun Choi, 2018. "Lack of sleep is associated with internet use for leisure," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, January.
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    5. Jiewen Yang & Yangfeng Guo & Xueying Du & Yi Jiang & Wanxin Wang & Di Xiao & Tian Wang & Ciyong Lu & Lan Guo, 2018. "Association between Problematic Internet Use and Sleep Disturbance among Adolescents: The Role of the Child’s Sex," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-9, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Liqing Li & Haifeng Ding & Zihan Li, 2022. "Does Internet Use Impact the Health Status of Middle-Aged and Older Populations? Evidence from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Birgitta Dresp-Langley & Axel Hutt, 2022. "Digital Addiction and Sleep," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-19, June.
    3. Adoración Díaz-López & Ana Belén Mirete-Ruiz & Javier Maquilón-Sánchez, 2021. "Adolescents’ Perceptions of Their Problematic Use of ICT: Relationship with Study Time and Academic Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-15, June.
    4. Xintian Wang & Zhangchi Wang & Yan Li, 2022. "Internet Use on Closing Intention–Behavior Gap in Green Consumption—A Mediation and Moderation Theoretical Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-20, December.

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