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Regional Prevalence of Dyslipidemia, Healthcare Utilization, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in South Korean: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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  • Kyu-Tae Han

    (Division of Cancer Control and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea)

  • SeungJu Kim

    (Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea)

Abstract

Background: Health disparities between different populations have long been recognized as a problem, and they are still an unsolved public health issue. Many factors can make a difference, and disparities for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are especially pronounced. This study aimed to assess South Korean regional variations for dyslipidemia prevalence, differences in healthcare utilization, and CVD risk. Methods: We used data from 52,377 patients from the National Health Insurance Sampling. Outcome variables were the risk of CVD, healthcare utilization (outpatient visits), and healthcare expenditures. A generalized estimating equation model was used to identify associations between the region and CVD risk, a Poisson regression model was used for evaluating outpatient visits, and a generalized linear model (gamma and log link function) was used to evaluate healthcare expenditures. Results: A total of 12,443 (23.8%) patients were diagnosed with CVD. Dyslipidemia prevalence varied by region, and the most frequent dyslipidemia factor was high total cholesterol. CVD risk was increased in low population-density regions compared to high-density regions (odds ratio [OR]: 1.133, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.037–1.238). Healthcare expenditures and outpatient visits were also higher in low-density regions compared to high-density regions. Conclusions: This study provides a regional assessment of dyslipidemia prevalence, healthcare utilization, and CVD risk. To bridge differences across regions, consideration should be given not only to general socio-economic factors but also to specific regional factors that can affect these differences, and a region-based approach should be considered for reducing disparities in general health and healthcare quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Kyu-Tae Han & SeungJu Kim, 2021. "Regional Prevalence of Dyslipidemia, Healthcare Utilization, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in South Korean: A Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:538-:d:478193
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Caldwell, J.T. & Ford, C.L. & Wallace, S.P. & Wang, M.C. & Takahashi, L.M., 2016. "Intersection of living in a rural versus urban area and race/ethnicity in explaining access to health care in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(8), pages 1463-1469.
    2. Rebecca Newlin Hutchinson & Sonya Shin, 2014. "Systematic Review of Health Disparities for Cardiovascular Diseases and Associated Factors among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(1), pages 1-9, January.
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