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Ambient Air Pollution and Cardiorespiratory Outcomes amongst Adults Residing in Four Informal Settlements in the Western Province of South Africa

Author

Listed:
  • Herman Bagula

    (Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa)

  • Toyib Olaniyan

    (Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa)

  • Kees de Hoogh

    (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Faculty of Science, University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Apolline Saucy

    (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Faculty of Science, University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
    Barcelona Institute for Global Health, 08036 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Bhawoodien Parker

    (Department of Environmental Affairs and Developmental Planning, Western Cape Government, Cape Town 7925, South Africa)

  • Joy Leaner

    (Department of Environmental Affairs and Developmental Planning, Western Cape Government, Cape Town 7925, South Africa)

  • Martin Röösli

    (Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Faculty of Science, University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie

    (Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa)

Abstract

Few studies have investigated the relationship between ambient air pollution and cardiorespiratory outcomes in Africa. A cross-sectional study comprising of 572 adults from four informal settlements in the Western Cape, South Africa was conducted. Participants completed a questionnaire adapted from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey, and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey questionnaire. Exposure estimates were previously modelled using Land-Use Regression for Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ) at participants’ homes. The median age of the participants was 40.7 years, and 88.5% were female. The median annual NO 2 level was 19.7 µg/m 3 (interquartile range [IQR: 9.6–23.7]) and the median annual PM 2.5 level was 9.7 µg/m 3 (IQR: 7.3–12.4). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between outcome variables and air pollutants. An interquartile range increase of 5.12 µg/m 3 in PM 2.5 was significantly associated with an increased prevalence of self-reported chest-pain, [Odds ratio: 1.38 (95% CI: 1.06–1.80)], adjusting for NO 2 , and other covariates. The study found preliminary circumstantial evidence of an association between annual ambient PM 2.5 exposure and self-reported chest-pain (a crude proxy of angina-related pain), even at levels below the South African National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

Suggested Citation

  • Herman Bagula & Toyib Olaniyan & Kees de Hoogh & Apolline Saucy & Bhawoodien Parker & Joy Leaner & Martin Röösli & Mohamed Aqiel Dalvie, 2021. "Ambient Air Pollution and Cardiorespiratory Outcomes amongst Adults Residing in Four Informal Settlements in the Western Province of South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:13306-:d:704769
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Emmy Nkhama & Micky Ndhlovu & J. Timothy Dvonch & Mary Lynam & Graciela Mentz & Seter Siziya & Kuku Voyi, 2017. "Effects of Airborne Particulate Matter on Respiratory Health in a Community near a Cement Factory in Chilanga, Zambia: Results from a Panel Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Anyang Xu & Zhe Mu & Bo Jiang & Wei Wang & Han Yu & Lijuan Zhang & Jue Li, 2017. "Acute Effects of Particulate Air Pollution on Ischemic Heart Disease Hospitalizations in Shanghai, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-11, February.
    3. Ndinomholo Hamatui & Caryl Beynon, 2017. "Particulate Matter and Respiratory Symptoms among Adults Living in Windhoek, Namibia: A Cross Sectional Descriptive Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-14, January.
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