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Community-Based Rehabilitation Indicators: Validation and Preliminary Evidence for Disability in Italy

Author

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  • Marco Tofani

    (Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
    Department of Intensive Neurorehabiiltation and Robotics, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy)

  • Giuseppina Esposito

    (Traumatic and Orthopedic Center A. Alesini, 00145 Rome, Italy)

  • Anna Berardi

    (Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Giovanni Galeoto

    (Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Silvia Iorio

    (Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

  • Maurizio Marceca

    (Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy)

Abstract

Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is a multi-sectorial community strategy for guaranteeing that people with disabilities enjoy the same rights and opportunities as all other community members. CBR is organized in a five-component matrix—namely, health, education, social, livelihood, and empowerment. To measure the effectiveness of CBR, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed standardized indicators. The objective of the present study is to translate and validate the CBR indicators (CBR-Is), providing preliminary evidence of their use for disability in Italy. After obtaining permission from the WHO, the CBR-Is followed a process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation according to international guidelines. An examination of internal consistency and reliability was than performed. The intra-rater reliability was estimated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient with a 95% confidence interval. In order to measures the differences between people with and without disabilities, an independent sample t -test was used for quantitative indicators. The Italian version of the CBR-Is (IT-CBR-Is) was administered to 234 people. The internal consistency showed a good value, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.862, and the intra-rater reliability analysis showed solid values for each domain (range: 0.723–0.882). Statistically significant differences between people with and without disabilities were found for each domain of the CBR matrix—namely, health, social, education, livelihood, and empowerment. The IT-CBR-Is are consistent and reliable measures when used to investigate disability in a community-based inclusive development perspective. National stakeholders can now have specific indicators to implement services and actions for people with disabilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Tofani & Giuseppina Esposito & Anna Berardi & Giovanni Galeoto & Silvia Iorio & Maurizio Marceca, 2021. "Community-Based Rehabilitation Indicators: Validation and Preliminary Evidence for Disability in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-10, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11256-:d:665429
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Evans, P. J. & Zinkin, P. & Harpham, T. & Chaudury, G., 2001. "Evaluation of community-based rehabilitation for disabled persons in developing countries," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 333-348, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marco Tofani & Silvia Iorio & Anna Berardi & Giovanni Galeoto & Antonella Conte & Giovanni Fabbrini & Donatella Valente & Maurizio Marceca, 2023. "Disability, Rehabilitation, and Assistive Technologies for Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Italy: Policies and Challenges," Societies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-9, March.

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